形容词和副词教程.ppt

　形容词和副词;形容词和副词的考查要点;考点一.形容词和副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记： (1)形容词短语作定语，定语后置。 a task difficult to finish;(2)表语形容词(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive等)作定语，定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well，faint，ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”。 (3)用作定语，修饰由不定代词one，no，any，some和every构成的复合词如anything，something等时，通常后置。 I have something important to tell you.;(4)else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。 Anything else/What else do you want? (5)enough修饰名词前置或后置，修饰形容词、动词或副词时，必须后置。如：old enough (6)几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间。 We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday. ;(7)频度副词如often，always，usually等在be动词后，行为动词前。 如：He is often late for class, which makes the parents angry. (8)副词作定语，定语后置。 The person there is waiting for you.;(9)以--ly结尾的词性辨析。 ①下列单词以--ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively，lonely，lovely， likely， timely, daily, monthly \weekly \yearly deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，brotherly，elderly, manly/womanly等。 ②表原意(无--ly)和引申意(有--ly)的副词： deep深 deeply深入地 wide宽广 widely广泛地; high高 highly高度地 low位置低 lowly地位卑微 ③有无--ly意义大不相同的副词： dead完全，绝对　be dead asleep deadly非常　be deadly tired; pretty相当　be pretty certain that... prettily漂亮地　be prettily dressed close近　Don’t sit close. closely密切地　Watch closely！ late晚，迟　arrive late，come late lately最近　I haven’t seen him lately(recently).;友情小贴士;1.直接+ly careless—carelessly quiet—quietly different—differently confident—confidently fortunate—fortunately beautiful—beautifully careful—carefully recent—recently;2. 以—le 结尾的形容词去e + y terrible — terribly possible— possibly comfortable— comfortably gentle— gently simple— simply reasonable— reasonably probable— probably incredible— incredibly ;其它以e结尾的形容词直接+ly wise— wisely nice— nicely polite— politely fortunate— fortunately close— closely immediate—immediately ;true— truly whole— wholly f