女性心血管疾病预防之血压管理纯英文-课件.ppt

Effectiveness-Based Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women—2011 Update A Guideline From the American Heart Association ContentsBackground 1 2 3 Pharmacotherapy Lifestyle Interventions Substantial progress has been made in the awareness, treatment, and prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women since the first women-specific clinical recommendations for the prevention of CVD were published by the American Heart Association (AHA) in 1999. Background Mosca L, Grundy SM, Judelson D, et al. Guide to preventive cardiology for women: AHA/ACC Scienti?c Statement Consensus panel statement . Circulation. 1999;99:2480–4. The myth that heart disease is a “man’s disease” has been debunked, the rate of public awareness of CVD as the leading cause of death among US women has increased from 30% in 1997 to 54% in 2009. Mosca L, Mochari-Greenberger H, Dolor RJ, Newby LK, Robb KJ . Twelve-year follow-up of American women’s awareness of cardiovascular disease risk and barriers to heart health. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2010;3:120–7. The age-adjusted death rate resulting from coronary heart disease (CHD) in females, which accounts for about half of all CVD deaths in women, was 95.7 per 100 000 females in 2007, a third of what it was in 1980. Xu JQ, Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, B. T-V. Deaths: Final Data for 2007: National Vital Statistics Reports. Hyattsville, MD: National Center forHealth Statistics; 2010. Ford ES, Ajani UA, Croft JB, et al. Explaining the decrease in U.S. deaths from coronary disease, 1980–2000. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:2388–98. Approximately 50% of this decline in CHD deaths has been attributed to reducing major risk factors and the other half to treatment of CHD including secondary preventive therapies. Hypertension is recognized as one of the main factors for CVD. Adverse trends in CVD risk factors among women are an ongoing concern. After 65 years of age, a higher percentage of women than men have hypertension, and the