曼昆经济学原理宏观第23章.ppt

本教学PPT双语版由浙江工商大学经济学院 陈宇峰 编译 * This example shows that real GDP in every year is constructed using the prices of the base year and that the base year doesn’t change. The growth rate of real GDP from one year to the next is the answer to this question: “How much would GDP (and hence everyone’s income) have grown if there had been zero inflation?” Thus, real GDP is corrected for inflation. * The table in the top half of this slide merely summarizes the answers from the previous two slides. This table will be used shortly to compute the growth rates in nominal and real GDP and to compute the GDP deflator and inflation rates. * Again, the growth rate of real GDP from one year to the next is the answer to this question: “How much would GDP (and hence everyone’s income) have grown if there had been zero inflation?” This is why real GDP is corrected for inflation. * The source I used: /fred2/ The original source: U.S. Department of Commerce: Bureau of Economic Analysis Since you have just finished covering real vs. nominal GDP, it might be worthwhile pointing out the following to your students: The graph shows that nominal GDP rises faster than real GDP. This should make sense, because growth in nominal GDP is driven by growth in output AND by inflation. Growth in real GDP is driven only by growth in output. The two lines cross in the year 2005 (the base year for the real GDP data in this graph). This should make sense because real GDP equals nominal GDP in the base year. (Better yet, ask your students whether there’s anything significant about the point where the two lines cross.) Before the base year, real GDP nominal GDP. For example, in 1981, nominal GDP is about $3 trillion, while real GDP is about $6 trillion (in 2005 dollars). This should make sense because prices were so much higher in 2005 than in 1981, so using those high 2005 prices to value 1981 output would lead to a bigger result than valuing 1981 output using 1981 prices. S