碳关税对我国钢铁行业出口贸易的影响及对策研究【毕业论文】.docx

摘 要 钢铁行业是我国的支柱型产业之一。随着中国钢产量的大幅增长，钢铁贸 易在我国对外贸易和钢铁工业发展中的地位日益重要。然而，2007 年金融危机 后，世界经济陷入低迷态势，一些国家主张采取碳关税。钢铁出口贸易发展成 为一个焦点问题。在现在钢铁贸易保护主义未见消退的形势下，如何增强我国 钢铁产业国际竞争力，合理运用应对措施保护国内钢铁产业健康发展已成为一 个极具现实意义的课题。 本文首先对碳关税的含义、提出背景和开征碳关税的合理性进行了讨论， 紧接着对我国钢铁的出口贸易运行情况和钢铁工业的能源消耗情况作了阐述， 并对我国钢铁出口贸易进行了 SWOT 分析,在此基础上探究碳关税壁垒对我国 钢铁出口贸易的影响，指出受碳关税的影响，钢铁产品出口受阻，钢铁贸易摩 擦增多，钢铁企业节能减排压力加大。最后得出观点，面对碳关税的挑战，我 国政府、钢铁企业、钢铁行业协会应共同努力消除不利影响。 此外，本文总结指出碳关税是美国等发达国家提出的借环境保护之名，行 贸易保护之实的手段，应以冷静客观的心态看待它。 关键词：钢铁出口贸易；碳关税；发展状况；影响；对策  A bstra c t Iron and steel industry is one of Chinas pillar industries. With the substantial growth of China’s steel production, iron and steel trade has taken an increasingly important role in iron and steel industry ’s development and China’s foreign trade. However, after the financial crisis in 2007, the world economy fell into a downturn trend and some countries advocate to levy carbon tariff. Steel exports become a focus. As there’s no regression of iron and steel trade protectionism, how to enhance the international competitiveness of China’s steel industry, and how to use measures to protect the healthy development of the domestic steel industry has become a subject which has great practical significance. In this paper, first, the meaning and the background of the carbon tariffs ,and the rationality of imposing carbon tariffs, and then to the operation of China’s steel exports and the consumption of Iron and steel industry, at the same time, we will use SWOT to analysis China’s iron and steel exports, and based on this, exploring the influence of levying carbon tariffs on China’s steel export trade, which including blocking the export of steel products , increasing the number of iron and steel trade frictions and increasing iron and steel enterprises’pressure on energy saving. finally summarized the views, facing the challenge of carbon tariffs, China’s government, steel companies and iron and steel industry association should work together to eliminate the adverse effects. In additi