颈静脉孔区解剖.ppt
颈静脉孔的应用解剖陈立华CHINA-INI
颈静脉孔由颞骨岩部和枕骨颈突围成。颞骨和枕骨向孔内的突起分别被称为颞突和枕突，二者以纤维或骨桥连接，构成孔内神经和血管的分隔。由颞突下方沿颈静脉球内侧缘伸向后方的骨性隆起称为颈内嵴，舌咽神经行于其内侧。颈静脉孔为一自颅后窝通向前、外、下方的骨性管道。颈静脉管（jugularcanal）。
osseousrelationships,superiorview
osseousrelationships,posterosuperiorview.Thejugularforamenisbestseeninaposterosuperiorvieworientedperpendiculartotheclivus.
thejugularforamenislocatedbetweenthetemporalandoccipitalbonessigmoidgroovedescendsalongthemastoidandcrossestheoccipitomastoidsuture,turnsforwardontheuppersurfaceofthejugularprocess,enterstheforamen
fromposteriorandsuperiorshowstheshapeoftheforamen
hypoglossalcanalpassesabovethemiddlethirdoftheoccipitalcondyleandopenslaterallyintotheintervalbetweenthejugularforamenandcarotidcanalstylomastoidforamenislocatedlateralandtheanteriorhalfoftheoccipitalcondylemedialtothejugularforamen
anteriorandbackwardrevealstheshapeofthejugularforamen
largerlateralpart,thesigmoidpart,whichreceivesthedrainageofthesigmoidsinus,andasmallermedialpart,thepetrosalpart,whichreceivesthedrainageoftheinferiorpetrosalsinus
enlargedview
intrajugularprocessprojectsintotheintervalbetweenthesigmoidandpetrosalpartsoftheforamenintrajugularridge,extendsforwardfromtheintrajugularprocessalongthemedialsideofthejugularbulb
cochlearaqueductopensabovethepetrosalpartoftheforamen,wheretheglossopharyngealnerveenterstheintrajugularpartoftheforamenonthemedialsideoftheintrajugularprocess.thevestibularaqueductopensontotheposteriorsurfaceofthetemporalbonesuperolateraltothejugularforamen
Theinferiorpetrosalsinusextendsalongthepetroclivalfissureandentersthepetrosalpartoftheforamen
posterosuperiorviewoftheintrajugularprocessandridge,whichseparatethesigmoidandpetrosalpartsofthejugularforamen
RembrandtvanRijn(Dutch,1606-1669).Thispai