Linux入门课程基础篇.ppt

InstallLinux選擇Distro(Distribution)建議FedoraCoreLinux或MandrivaLinux.tw/pub/Linux/光碟安裝或網路安裝分割硬碟最精簡的分割法/、swap進階分割/、/var、/usr、/home、swap與Windows共存先灌Windows選擇安裝套件全部安裝約3~4G選擇XWindows系統:GNOME、KDE、IceWMBootLoaderGrub/boot/grub/menu.lstLilo/etc/lilo.confGrubisbetterRunLevel0-halt(DoNOTsetinitdefaulttothis)1-Singleusermode2-Multiuser,withoutNFS(Thesameas3,ifyoudonothavenetworking)3-Fullmultiusermode4-unused5-X116-reboot(DoNOTsetinitdefaulttothis)BootProcedureBootLoaderKernelinitrd(optional)init/etc/inittab/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit/etc/rc.d/rc3.d/* (3isrunlevel)/etc/rc.localXWindowDisplayManagerorDesktopManager (runlevel5)KeyboardControlCtrl+Alt+F1~F6 SwitchconsoleCtrl+Alt+F7 XWindowconsoleTab Commandlineauto-complete↑、↓ EdithistorycommandShift+PgUp/PgDn ScrollscreenMouseControlMark即複製中鍵貼上、或是同時按左右鍵FileStructure(1)/bin binary,coreutilities/boot kernel、initrd/dev devicefile/etc config/lib mainlibrary、glibc/proc processfilesystem/sbin systembinary/tmp tempdirectory/usr non-systemapplications、library/var log、spool、databaseFileStructure(2)/home userhomedirectory/home/pank/mnt mountingdirectory/root superuserrootdirectoryOthers/initrd initrdmountingdirectory/opt someprograminstallto/optFileSystemEXT2EXT3 EXT2+日誌式系統ReiserFS HansReiser開發XFS SGI公司開發JFS IBM開發FileAccessPermissionsEveryone、Group、OwnerRead、Write、eXecuter=4、w=2、x=1rwx=7FilePermission=777,Everyonecanread、write、executechmod644filechmod755filechmod777file DevicesNoC:D:E:…PrimaryMaster:/dev/hdaPrimaryMaster1stPartition:/dev/hda1Mouse:/dev/psauxor/dev/mouseAudio:/dev/dspor/dev/audioMixer:/dev/mixerConsole:/dev/tty?(tty0、tty1…)RAMDisk:/dev/ram0Null:/dev/nullBasicCommands(1)cat 顯示檔案內容=DOS/Windows的typecd 轉移目錄=DOS/Windows的cdclear 清除螢幕=DOS/Windows的cp 複製檔案=DOS/Windo