基于AVR单片机与CNC的小型激光雕刻装置设计机电毕业论文.docx

齐齐哈尔大学毕业设计（论文）题 目基于AVR单片机与CNC的小型激光雕刻机设计学 院机电工程学院专业班级机电134班学 号2013113006学生姓名 罗龙昇指导老师 吴 志 东成 绩2017 年 06月 20日郑重声明本人呈交的学位论文，是在老师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，所有数据、图片资料真实可靠。尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本学位论文的研究成果不包含他人享有著作权的内容。对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人或集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明。本学位论文的知识产权属于培养单位。本人签名: 日期：摘要激光作为新兴技术，发展速度飞快，该技术的运用范围也日渐宽广。激光雕刻是以CNC为基础的一种加工方法，以激光加工为主要加工手段，其优点是不直接接触雕刻材料的表面，不受机械运动接触面的影响，会产生摩擦痕迹。在本文中，采用了ATMEL 328单片机和C语言编程设计了小型激光雕刻机装置。本系统的设计中主要包括的模块为中央处理器模块、USB通信模块、驱动模块、激光器继电控制模块、机械结构模块等部分，具有自动归位、中断后继续雕刻、印章对称雕刻等功能。系统主要采用ATmel 328型单片机构成中央处理器模块，通过USB通信模块与上位机软件进行通信，通过上位机控制软件对雕刻机系统完成包括遥控激光头进行前后左右移动、开关激光器、自动雕刻图案等功能。机械传动结构部分采用丝杠、光杆、载物台等结构，通过与步进电机的结合，实现高精度的传动。关键词：Arduino单片机；激光雕刻技术；步进电机；3D打印AbstractWith the development of the times, the development of laser technology is advancing by leaps and bounds, and the application of this technology is more and more extensive. Laser engraving is a kind of processing method based on CNC, with the laser processing as the main means of processing, the utility model has theadvantages of surface is not in direct contact with engraved material, no mechanical movement will produce the effect of interface friction marks.In this paper, ATMEL microcontroller and C language program are used to design a small laser engraving machine system. The design of this system mainly includes the module as the central processor module, USB communication module, drive module, laser relay control module, mechanical module part, with automatic reset and interrupt to seal carving, engraving function symmetry.The system is mainly used ATmel 328 type microcontroller to communicate through the central processor module, USB communication module and the PC software, through PC control software including remote laser head to move around, and automatically switch laser engraving graphics functions for the case of engraving system. The structure of mechanical transmission adopts the structure of lead screw, light rod and load stage, and realizes the