周围神经病-课件.ppt

Peripheral Neuropathy周 围 神 经 病 PREFACE Peripheral Neuropathy(PN) Cranial n. Spinal n. (Ten pairs) Mononeuropathy Polyneuropathy a single several PN numerous PN ulnar n. ulnar n.+ terminal radical radial n. radial n. Nerves medial n. （末梢性) (根性) peroneal n. tibialis n. Peripheral Neuropathy(PN) 脑神经Cranial nerves. 除嗅、视神经外的十对脑神经，最常见的有 三叉神经、眼球运动神经、面神经、舌咽和舌下神经 脊神经Spinal n. 单神经病Mononeuropathy(symplex / multiplex) ： 尺神经、桡神经、正中神经、腓总神经、胫神经… 多发性神经病Polyneuropathy ： Terminal nerves 末梢神经炎、周围神经炎,感染、中毒…各种原因 感染后免疫介导性病变： 急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（ Guillain-Barre syndrome, GBS/AIDP）; 慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病（CIDP）; Distal axonopathies远端轴索病； Myelinopathies髓鞘病 Causes of peripheral neuropathy Idiopathic inflammatory neuropathies Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy(AIDP, or acute Idiopathic polyneuropathy,Guillain-Barre syndrome), Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy(CIDP) Metabolic and nutritional neuropathies Diabetes; Other endocrinopathies: hypothyroidism,acromegaly肢端肥大 Uremia; Liver disease; VitaminB12 deficiency Infective and granulomatous肉芽肿 neuropathies AIDS; Leprosy麻风; Diphtheria白喉 Sarcoidosis结节病; Sepses脓毒症 and multiorgan failure Vasculitic neuropathies Polyarteritis nodosa结节性多动脉炎; Rheumatoid arthritis; Systemic lupus erythematousus系统性红斑狼疮(SLE) Neoplastic and paraproteinemic neuropathies Compression and infiltration by tumor; Paraneoplastic syndromes副肿瘤综合征; paraproteinemias Amyloidosis淀粉样变性 Drug-induced and toxic neuropathies Alcohol; other drugs Toxins: Organic compounds: Hexacarbons; organophosphates; Heavy metals: Arsenic; lead;