中考英语专题十一+非谓语动词课件.ppt
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第二部分 语法专题
专题十一 非谓语动词;考点八 现在分词与过去分词; 我们把在句子当中起名词、形容词或副词作用,充当谓语之外的其他句子成分的动词称为非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种形式:动词不定式、分词(现在分词和过去分词)和动名词。
考点一 动词不定式作主语
动词不定式是一种非限定动词,而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词。动词不定式分为带to的不定式(to + 动词原形)和不带to的不定式。动词不定式不能单独用作谓语动词,不受主语的人称和数的限制,但保留动词的性质。
1. 动词不定式作主语时,其谓语动词常用单数。
To say something is one thing; to do it is another. 说是一回事,做是另一回事。; 2. 动词不定式在句子中作主语时通常放在句末,而用it作形式主语,其结构为:It + be + adj. (+ for / of sb.) + 动词不定式。
It’s so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。
It is not difficult to work out the problem. 做出这道题并不难。
【典例精析】
It takes me half an hour __________ the piano every day.
A. play B. playing C. to play;考点二 动词不定式作宾语
1. 一些动词后可跟动词不定式作宾语。这类动词主要有:want,wish,like,decide,help,try,begin,forget,learn,ask,agree,hope,promise等。
2. find,think,make,believe等动词后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it作形式宾语而把真正的宾语动词不定式短语放在句末。
【典例精析】
1. The children decide __________ their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned;2. At times, parents find it difficult __________ with their teenage children.
A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk;分类;【典例精析】
Our teacher often asks us __________ questions in groups.
discuss B. to discuss
C. discussing D. discussed; 3. Why don’t you + 不带to的不定式? = Why not + 不带to的不定式?
Why don’t you get her a photo album? = Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢?
4. had better + (not) + 不带to的不定式最好(不)……
You’d better not stay there today. 你今天最好别待在那儿。
5. Will you please + 不带to的不定式? 你能……吗?
Will you please close the door? 你能把门关??吗?
6. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
She prefers to receive a small gift that has some thought behind it rather than receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。;【典例精析】
She’s not strong enough __________ walking up mountains.
A. to go B. going
C. go D. went;考点五 动词不定式作状语
1. 表目的。在强调这种目的状语时,不定式前可加in order或so as,动词不定式也可放在句首,使其所表示的目的更加明显突出。
2. 表结果。 通常有以下结构too ... to ...(太……而不能……);...enough + 不定式 ;be + 形容词+ 不定式;so ... as to ...(如此……以致于)。
3. 表原因。
【典例精析】
1. Vocabulary is important to language
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