LED灯具结构分析.ppt
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* * The intensity (I) is the quantity of light emitted per second in a specific direction. Unit is candela (cd). Intensity is measured by an illuminance meter at a large distance of the light source. The lighting SI unit is the candela, which has been internationally defined (1948). * * Illuminance (E) is the quantity of light, or luminous flux, falling on a unit area of a surface. Unit is lux (lx). One lux equals one lumen per square metre. The illuminance is independent of the direction from which the luminous flux reaches the surface.照度与光通量入射到表面的方向无关。 2 * * Luminance (L) is the concept for the luminous intensity emitted per unit of area of a surface in a specific direction. Unit is (cd/m2) Luminance, which is what the contrasts and thus the perception determines, depends on the illuminance and the reflection characteristics of the materials. Since in the planning stage these materials are mostly unknown, only the illuminance can be predicted. * * Demo with cone.用圆锥体来演示 By apparent area is meant the projection of any area of the surface in question on a plane that is at right angles to the direction of view. As both the luminous intensity and the apparent area are independent of distance, the luminance is also independent of distance.表观面积既与观察方向成直角的一个平面上,其表面面积的投射。 因为发光强度和表观面积都和距离无关,所以亮度也和距离无关 从哪些方面对光进行测量?它们分别是通过什么进行测量的? -光通量(图) -发光强度:测向光度仪(图) -照度:照度计(图) -亮度:亮度计(图) 1. 光源 2. 非透明屏Opaque screen 3. 光电池 4. 光射线(反射一次) 5. 光射线 (反射两次) 1 2 3 4 5 5.2、 光源的色温及显色性 一、? 色温 将一标准黑体加热(如白炽灯中的钨丝),随着温度升高黑体的颜色开始沿着深红-浅红-橙-黄-白-蓝逐渐改变,当某光源发出的光的颜色与标准黑体处于某温度的颜色相同时,我们将黑体当时的绝对温度称为光源的色温,以绝对温度K来表示。基本色 如表所示: (色温常识)表一 色温 光色 气氛效果 ? 大于5000K 清凉(带蓝的白色) 清冷的感觉 ? 三基色荧光灯 ?水银灯 汞灯 3300-5000K左右 中间(接近自然光) 无明显视觉心理效果 三基色荧光灯 u金卤灯 小于3300K 温暖(带桔花的白色) 温暖的感觉 ???? 白炽灯 ???? 石英卤素灯 色温(3300K)较低的空间 色温(5000K)较高的空间 (色温感知)表二 色温 感知 光色 感觉 照明效果 2000-3000K 日出0.5小时 金黄-白中带红 温暖 稳重 3000K-4500K 日出2小时 白中带黄 中间偏暖 自然 4500K-5600K 日出4小时 白 中间 舒适 5600K 阴天 白中带蓝 中间偏凉 耀眼 (不同色温空
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