【2017年整理】十五波动光学.ppt

(1)干涉膨胀仪 劈尖干涉的应用 （2）检测表面平整度 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 由一块平板玻璃和一平凸透镜组成 光程差 牛顿环干涉： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 牛顿环实验装置 牛顿环干涉图样 显微镜 S L M半透半反镜 T Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. R 光程差 明纹 暗纹 r d 暗环半径 明环半径 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 测量透镜的曲率半径 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 　总 结 杨氏干涉： 薄膜干涉： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 15-4 光的衍射 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一、光的衍射现象 二、单缝夫琅禾费衍射 三、圆孔衍射与光学仪器分辨率 四、光栅衍射 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 缝较大时，光是直线传播的 阴 影 缝很小时，衍射现象明显 一、光的衍射现象 光在传播过程中能绕过障碍物的边缘而偏离直线传 播的现象。形成亮暗相间的条纹。 障碍物边缘尺寸越小衍射越明显。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 衍射系统：光源、衍射物（小障碍物、带孔或缝的大障碍物）和接收屏 夫 琅 禾 费 衍 射 缝 光源、屏与缝相距无限远 菲 涅 尔 衍 射 缝 光源、屏与缝相距有限远 衍射分类：菲涅尔衍射和夫琅禾费衍射 （根据光源、衍射物和接收屏的距离划分） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 在实验中实现 夫琅禾费衍射 问：如何实现夫琅禾费衍射 ？ 主要研究：夫琅禾费衍射（因为理论计算简单、实验室中易于实现、当光源和接收屏到达衍射物的距离远远大于衍射物的尺寸时就可近似视为夫琅禾费衍射。） Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 二、单缝夫琅禾费衍射 实验装置 衍射条纹 单缝衍射条纹 双缝干涉条纹 特点：中央明纹最亮最宽，其他各级亮暗纹对称分布在两侧，各级明纹亮度迅速减弱，宽度只有中央明纹宽度一半。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 C