IN CHILDREN PRINCIPLES OF DEHYDRATION 脱水儿童营养不良的原则ppt课件.ppt

MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN. PRINCIPLES OF DEHYDRATION CORRECTION.;Malnutrition will be responsible for 3,000 deaths globally, mostly women, infants and children, during this lecture! Malnutrition accounts of ≈ 30 million deaths per year (about 1 death per second) ;Some Major World Risk Factors Causing Deaths;A healthy diet provides a balanced nutrients that satisfy the metabolic needs of the body without excess or shortage. Dietary requirements of children vary according to age, sex development. ;“Hidden Hunger” – deficit of vitamins and microelements in diet.;Around the world, billions of people live with vitamin and mineral deficiencies. For instance, approximately one third of the developing world’s children under the age of five are vitamin A-deficient, and therefore ill-equipped for survival. Iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy is associated with 115,000 deaths each year, accounting for one fifth of total maternal deaths. WHO Report, 2009;Lab Assesment;NON-ROUTINE TESTS;OVERVIEW OF PEM (Protein Energy Malnutrition);OVERVIEW OF PEM ;11;Definitions of Malnutrition;Definitions of Malnutrition;Diagnosis;CLASSIFICATION OF MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN ;Gomez Classification: The childs weight is compared to that of a normal child (50th percentile) of the same age. It is useful for population screening and public health evaluations. percent of reference weight for age = ((patient weight) / (weight of normal child of same age)) * 100 Interpretation: 90 - 110% normal 75 - 89% Grade I: mild malnutrition 60 - 74% Grade II: moderate malnutrition 60% Grade III: severe malnutrition;Wellcome Classification: evaluates the child for edema and with the Gomez classification system. Grades: 80-60 % without oedema is under weight 80-60% with oedema is Kwashiorkor 60 % with oedema is Marasmus-Kwash 60 % without oedema is Marasmus ;KWASHIORKOR;ETIOLOGY;ETIOLOGY;CONSTANT FEATURES OF KWASH;USUALLY PRESENT SIGNS;OCCASIONALLY PRESENT SIGNS;24;25;DD of Kwash Dermatitis;MAR