化工08-2班 翁良芬《年产2万吨 酒精生产工艺设计》.doc

广东石油化工学院本科毕业设计：20000吨/年 燃料乙醇生产工艺设计 摘要 PAGE 48 PAGE 47 摘 要 乙醇~水是工业上最常见的溶剂，化学结构式为（ethanol，分子式C2H6O，相对分子量为46）.无色透明的液体，有特殊气味，易挥发，易溶于水，能与水以任意比混溶。乙醇汽油作为一种新型的 HYPERLINK /view/.htm \t _blank 清洁燃料，是目前世界上 HYPERLINK /view/9292.htm \t _blank 可再生能源的发展重点。在不影响汽车的行驶性能的情况下，在车用汽油中添加适量的乙醇可以有效改善 HYPERLINK /view/.htm \t _blank 油品的性能和质量，降低 HYPERLINK /view/4705.htm \t _blank 一氧化碳、碳氢化合物等主要污染物的排放，很大程度上改善了环境质量。因其良好的理化性能，而被广泛地应用于化工、日化、医药等行业。 针对20000吨/年以荔枝核和龙眼核为原料生产燃料乙醇装置中的荔枝和龙眼渣糖化工艺优化、酒精发酵工艺优化、高产酒精菌种的筛选 ，开发了以荔枝核和龙眼核主要原料，生产绿色能源发酵工艺技术，进行了系统的小试研究后，建设了20000t/a中试装置并开展了中试研究。通过考察原料配比、反应温度、反应时间等对产品质量、收率的影响，确定了最佳工艺条件。长期以来，乙醇多以蒸馏法生产，但是由于乙醇~水体系有共沸现象，普通的精馏对于得到高纯度的乙醇来说产量不好。但是由于常用的多为其水溶液，因此，研究和改进乙醇`水体系的精馏设备是非常重要。 关键词：燃料乙醇；酒精；发酵；精馏 摘要 ABSTRACT Ethanol ~ water is the most common industrial solvent, chemical structured for(ethanol, molecular formula C2H6O, relative molecular weight of 46.07.) a colorless transparent liquid, has special odor, volatile, soluble in water, and water than immiscible with arbitrary. Ethanol and gasoline, as a new clean fuel, of the worlds renewable energy development focus. In does not affect the performance of the car driving, vehicle gasoline in the addition of appropriate amount of ethanol can effectively improve the oil performance and quality, reduce the carbon monoxide，hydrocarbon and other major emissions of pollutants, to a great extent, improve the environment quality. Because of its good physical and chemical properties, and is widely used in chemical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and other industries. For 20000 tons/year to litchi and longan nuclear as raw material to produce nuclear fuel ethanol installations in the lychee and longan slag saccharification process optimization, the alcoholic fermentation process optimization, high yield of alcohol strains screening, developed with litchi and longan nuclear main raw materials nuclear, the production of green energy fermentation technology, the research of the system test, the construction of 20000 t/a pilot plant and carri