黑龙江地区沙尘天气形成条件分析(毕业论文版).doc

哈尔滨学院 黑龙江省沙尘天气形成条件分析 杨占山 指导教师: 专业名称: 地科学 日期: 20年月 学院 20年月日 【】黑龙江省沙尘天气、主要从沙尘天气地域分布规律与季节分布特征，沙尘天气的形成的气象气候因素、下垫面因素、动力因素，沙尘的粒度分析及源地分析并总结沙尘天气的危害 【】 【Abstract】In view of recent years in heilongjiang province of frequent dust weather on peoples lives, the production activities cause serious damage, the serious influence on peoples normal life activities. Heilongjiang province in the spatial distribution of the dust weather on occurs in the southwest, in time distribution points on offices in spring, the scope gradually reduce the strength of the occurred but is gradually increasing trend, heilongjiang province the formation of the dust weather by meteorological condition the influence is the most significant especially strong wind days, air pressure field distribution and wind speed, dust is occurring city surface bare earth, river plate and flood, city buildings alluvial soil surface and underground, mainly from the dust weather regional distribution rule and distribution characteristics of the season, the formation of the dust weather meteorological climate factors, the underlying surface factors, power factor, the dust grain size analysis and summary analysis and usage of the dangers of dust weather. Aim to the dust weather monitoring and management work puts forward a little advice to minimize the loss of production activity in people life. 【Keywords】 Dust weather Forming conditions On-site the sand narrow-pipe role 一、沙尘天气相关信息概述  1.1沙尘天气定义 沙尘天气是指在特定的气象气条件、下垫面条件、动力条件及水文等特定条件下，大风将地面沙尘颗粒物质卷入空中，使得大气能见度降低的一种灾害性风沙天气现象。 1.2沙尘天气分类 沙尘天气可根据强度和能见度划分为浮尘、扬沙、沙尘暴、强沙尘暴。 其中沙尘暴又可分为沙暴和尘暴，沙暴是指大风将大量沙粒吹入近地面所形成的挟沙风暴，尘暴则是大风将大量尘埃及细小的颗粒物质卷入高空索形成的风暴。而根据黑龙江灾害性天气统计分析又按照其破坏程度和灾害天气建库标准与灾害评估处置标准将其划分为不同等级标准（附表1）。 张桂华【1】等对比了2002年3月出现的沙尘天气的API进行了分析了与API相应的空气质量级别及其对人体健康的影响（附表1）可以将沙尘天气按照空气质量划分为5级这里不再赘述。 1.3沙尘天气特征 1.3.1沙尘天气空间分布特征 根据哈尔滨师范大学地理系张丽娟等总结了1951年至2000年近50年的统计数据并绘制了沙尘暴地域分布图，根据分布图可以看出黑龙江省沙尘暴的地域分布具有如下特征：（1）范围广面积大，沙尘暴在全省均有发生（2）分布极不均匀，区域性明显。（3）沙尘暴的多发区比较集中多分