《水污染控制工程》课程设计 淀粉废水处理工艺设计.doc

《水污染控制工程》课程设计 题 目： 淀粉废水处理工艺设计 院 系： 环境与生物工程学院 专 业： 环境工程 班 级： 0801 2011 年 8月 29日 目录 综述 1.1项目概况·············································3 1.2废水排放的危害和工程建设的必要性·····················3 二．设计依据和原则 2.1设计依据··············································3 2.2设计原则··············································4 三.废水处理工程的建设规模及目标 3.1废水种类及设计水量····································4 3.2设计水质··············································4 3.3排放标准··············································4 四.废水处理方案 4.1工艺流程··············································4 4.2流程简述··············································5 4.3其他构筑物············································5 五.工艺设计 5.1设计参数··············································6 5.2设计计算··············································6 5.2.1UASB的尺寸计算····································7 5.2.2进水排水系统计算··································7 5.2.3三相分离器的设计··································7 5.2.4出水区的设计······································8 5.2.5每日沼气产量······································8 5.2.6产泥量计算········································8 六.总结···················································9 七．参考文献··············································9 一、综述 项目概况 为了使淀粉厂排出的废水能够达到国家规定的排水标准，使河流免受其污染，必须对该废水进行处理，本项目就是主要是针对含有淀粉废水的处理，采用UASB工艺。其工作原理可简述如下，淀粉厂排出的含淀粉的污水经管道进入处理厂，首先经格栅过滤较大的杂质，再进入调节池进行对污水的调节，经提升泵进入UASB反应器和生物接触氧化池将有机物分解，然后进入二沉池进行泥水分离，部分污泥回流调节池，剩余污泥浓缩脱水外运。厌氧消化时有沼气产生作为能源加以利用。 UASB反应器是目前应用最广泛的高效厌氧反应器，其研究应用一直很受青睐，它的中文名称为升流式厌氧污泥床反应器，是由荷兰Wageningen农业大学教授Lettinga领导的研究小组于1971～1978年间开发研制的，利用重力场对不同密度的物质作用的差异，发明了三相分离器。后来经不断的改进20世纪80年代我国开始对UASB反应器进行研究，并尝试处理啤酒污水。与其他的反应器相比具有容积负荷高，水力停留时间长，能耗低，设备简单，操作方便，运行稳定，处理效果好等特点，因此截止2000年底我国现在已有59%的工程采用此.法。 本次所处理的污水流量为4000t/d；CODcr:8000mg/L；BOD:4500mg/L；SS:400mg/L; PH值：6～9。通过对反应器的设计出水CODcr小于100ml/L；BOD5小于等于20mg/L；SS小于等于70mg/L；PH在6~8之间。 1.2废水排放的危害及工程建设的必要性 近些年来，越来越多的水污染事件频繁发生，造成了人员死亡和财产的巨大损失，废水排放到河流，对河流产生严重污染，大多鱼虾死亡，动植物大量死亡灭绝，蚊蝇滋生，各种病菌对于人类来说简直就是灾难。水是生命的源泉，水是经济发展的命脉，拥有干净的水资源就拥有健康的身体，和美好的环境。虽然我国水资源总量很大，但是人均