动名词语法整理归纳.ppt

V-ing form Revision -ing形式作主语和宾语的用法 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. 对他说话等于对牛弹琴。 Talking to him is talking to a wall. 2. 吸烟会致癌。 Smoking may cause cancer. 3. 等在这里是没用的。 Its no use waiting here. 4. 这样的事是不能开玩笑的。 There is no joking about such matters. 5. 我禁不住笑了起来。 I couldn’t help laughing. 6. 你的大衣需要洗一下。 Your coat needs cleaning. 7. 我们期待着来中国。 We are looking forward to coming to China. -ing 形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语的用法 一、-ing形式作定语 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖 a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台 a surprising result = a result that is surprising一个惊人的结果 2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上当于一个定语从句。如： They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。 Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined. 3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。 二、-ing形式作宾语补足语 1. 1) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如： When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 We found the snake eating the eggs. 我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。 I found a bag lying on the ground. 我发现地板上放着一个包。 The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 那老板让工人整夜地工作。 2）当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如： They found the result very satisfying. = The result is found very satisfying. 这个结果很令人满意。 They heard him singing in the next room.