读地质图和图切剖面.pdf

Lab 3 Read of a Geological Map • What is a geological map and its main elements? • Idenfifying horizontal beds,dipping beds on a geological map • Identify unconformities on a geological map What Is A Geologic Map • A geologic map shows the distribution of geologic materials and geologic structures that are visible at the Earth ’s surface. • Geologic materials are the rocks and sediments that make up the land where we live. Main elements of a geological map • Title and sheet series number • Scale • Legend • Column • Section • Complier • Mappers and Resource • Index map • Main content Read of A Geological Map Title and the series number column 图例：地质图上各种地 质现象的符号和标记。 （1）图例要按序排列： 地层→岩石→构造→其 它内容； （2 ）地层图例：由上而 下，由新到老；若横排 则从左到右，由新到老； （3 ）岩浆岩图例：已确 定时代的按由新到老排 列，同时代岩类按酸性 到基性顺序排列。 （4 ）构造图例：地层线 和断层应区分实测和推 测。 Legend 正规地质图应附有切过图区主要地层、构造的剖面图。 A 一般放在地质图下面，用剖面标号表示，如：A—B等 剖面图比例尺与地质图一致。剖面图同一高度上注明剖 面方向，剖面图上方标注重要山岭、河流、城镇等。 剖面位置一般是南左北右、西左东右。 剖面图例与地质图例要一致。在同幅图上可共用图例。 B Section Digital scale And line scale Index map Mappers and resource Main content Procedure for reading a geological map Outside the frame Inside the frame –Title and Sheet • topography number – Total feature –scale – Water sytem –legend • geology – Strata and their distrabution –column – Horizontal, dipping and –section vertical strata and their distribution – Relationship between