基于ANSYS的汽车前轴强度分析和模态分析解析.docx

基于ANSYS的汽车前轴强度分析和模态分析摘要前轴是轻型载货汽车前桥的重要部件，汽车前轴的结构设计是否满足汽车安全行驶的要求直接决定了整车的安全性，同时又影响了汽车的动态特性。前桥的两侧安装着从动车轮，并通过悬架与车架相联，工作时，其承受车轮传来的制动力和侧滑扭矩，同时又承受悬架作用的垂直载荷，为确保前桥工作时的可靠性和安全性，因此对前桥的强度，刚度，抗冲击性，疲劳强度及可靠性等方面都提出很高的要求。汽车前轴在承载车身重量的同时，还会受到来自行驶路面、发动机及其他运动部件产生的激振。如果各种激振频率与前轴的某阶固有频率相等时，就会引起共振，影响前轴及其装配零部件的使用寿命。因此在前轴的设计阶段，不仅需要考虑其强度和刚度等静态特性，也要将其动态特性纳入前轴的前期设计体系，与整车同步开发，为提升整车的NVH（噪声、振动、声振粗糙度）性能提供重要的理论依据。三种工况下强度分析的结果表明，前轴在结构设计上基本符合强度要求，具有较高的安全系数。前轴的模态分析表明，其没有发生振动突变现象，并且没有与行驶路面激励发生共振，此外其前六阶固有频率与人体各器官的固有频率相差较大，不会与人体某些器官发生共振。关键词：轻型载货汽车；前桥；强度；模态分析；建模；有限元分析Strength and modal analysis of front axle based on ANSYS AbstractFront axle is one of important components of the automobile， and the safety and dynamic characteristics of the automobile depend on its intensity。The wheels and tires mount to the front bridge, and the front axle connects with the frame through suspension system. The force and torquefrom the wheels and tires when breaking system is working transmits to the front axle, at the same, the force from the suspension system is applied to the front axle directly. Therefore in order to insure the safety and reliability of the front axle, the intensity, stiffness, anti-impact ability, fatigue life requirement and reliability of the front axle must meet requirements. Not only does it bear the large part of weight of the whole car, it is also affected by the external stimulation from the ground, engine and other moving component. If the coupling condition is achieved between the natural frequency and external stimulation, it may leads toresonance, fatigue life of the front axle and other assembled component may be affected. So not only should we take the intensity and stiffness of the front axle into consideration, but also the dynamic characteristics of it should be considered when we begin to design the car. It will provide a theoretical basis for improving the NVH of the car.Obtaining the analysis results under three kinds of load modes, we may conclude that the front axle satisfies the int