continuous low cost transesterification process for the production of coconut biodiesel连续的低成本椰子生产生物柴油酯交换过程.pdf
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Energies 2010, 3, 43-56; doi:10.3390/en3010043
OPEN ACCESS
energies
ISSN 1996-1073
/journal/energies
Article
Continuous Low Cost Transesterification Process for the
Production of Coconut Biodiesel
Gajendra Kumar, D. Kumar, Shailandra Singh, S. Kothari, Sumit Bhatt and
Chandra P. Singh *
Department of Chemistry, Sahu Jain College, Najibabad, 246763, India;
E-Mails: tyagi.bjr@ (G.K.); dkumar.sahujain@ (D.K.);
shail_ic@ (S.S.); kotharis54@ (S.K.); sumit.inorganic@ (S.B.)
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: cpsingh.sahu@;
Tel.: +91-941-195-2228.
Received: 1 September 2009 / Accepted: 28 October 2009 / Published: 14 January 2009
Abstract: Biodiesel, or alkyl ester, is an alternative renewable, biodegradable, and non-
toxic diesel fuel produced by the catalytic transesterification of vegetable oil. Here we
characterize a system for continuous transesterification of vegetable oil using five
continuous stirring tank reactors (5CSTRs). We tested residence times of 16–43min,
stirring speeds of 200–800rpm, a catalyst concentration (KOH) of 0.25–1 wt% of oil (in
gram), different total flow rates of the oil and MeOH, and on the production performance
of the 5 stage continuous reactor for transesterification of vegetable oil. Using a molar ratio
of oil:methanol of 1:7 and a reaction temperature of 65 °C, we show that a high stirring
speed increased the reaction rate, but an excessive stir speed decreased the reaction rate
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