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高三语法总复习冠词ppt文档.doc

发布:2018-06-24约1.19万字共10页下载文档
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高三语法复习冠词 一、冠词的分类 ? 冠词:不定冠词(a,an) 定冠词(the) (零冠词) 二、不定冠词的基本用法 ? 1. 在辅音音素开头的词前用a,在原音音素开头的此前用an。如: ? a girl a hero a university ? an island an hour an old man ? ★ Note: 区分是按元音发音不是元音字母。 ? university European ? one-hundred-pound note ? hour an honest man ? It’s an honour to have you here. ? 2、不定冠词表示泛指 ? 用在单数可数名词之前,泛指某一类人或物中的“任何一个”。(不定冠词与数词one同源,相当于汉语的“一”, 但不强调数目概念。)例如: ? His father is an English teacher. ? I am going to tell you a story. ? A comrade is waiting for you downstairs. ? I met an old friend on my way here. ? 3、和时间或度量衡名词连用,表示“每一”,例如: ? Take the medicine three times a day. ? The train is running fifty miles an hour. ? Rice is sold at about 40fen a kilo. 三、不定冠词的特殊用法 ? 1、不定冠词位于专有名词前,使专有名词普通化。表示某一个,相当于“a certain”。 ? A Mr. Green paid a visit to you this morning. ? I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left the city. I only remember it was a Monday. ? 例题:_____ Mr Zhang is waiting for you in the office. I seem to have seen him in ____ newspaper. ? A. A ; / B. A ; a ? C. / ; / D. The; the ? 答案选B. ? 2、不定冠词位于抽象名词前,与抽象名词连用,使抽象名词具体化,表示“一场、一次、一件”。 ? 1)表示情感的不可数名词前加不定冠词。 ? 如:a pleasure一件乐事, ? a surprise一件令人惊讶的事, ? a joy一件高兴的事, ? a pity一件遗憾的事, ? an honour一个(件)经以为荣的人(事)。 ? The little boy is a joy to her parents. ? What a pleasant surprise you gave me! ? 2)不可数名词danger/ difficulty/ disappointment/failure/help/success/ wonder/pressure前加不定冠词表示“一个。。。的人或物”。 ? This experiment is a great success to human beings. ? He is a failure as a teacher. ? 3)不定冠词在某些物质名词前,表示“一份”、“一种”或“一阵/场”。如:a coffee/ tea/ frog/ rain/ snow/ wind. ? a coffee 一份咖啡 a red tea 一种红茶 a strong wing 一阵大风 ? 4)用于序数词前,表示“又一”。 ? 例题:Give it _____ second thought and you’ll find it wise to accept ___ job. ?  A. the ; the B. a ; a C. a ; the D. the ; a ? 答案:C。 a second thought 表示“再次考虑 ”。 3.不定冠词运用于固定习语中。 ? have a look at ? have a history ( knowledge /population) of ? have a wonderful time ? in such a hurry/ in a minute ? all of a sudden pay a visit to ? make it a rule
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