菜地土壤氮磷污染现状及其防控措施菜地土壤氮磷污染现状及其防控措施.pdf

湖南农业科学 2013 ，（17）：51~55,61 Hunan Agricultural Sciences 土壤肥料·资源环境 菜地土壤氮磷污染现状及其防控措施 高德才，张 蕾，刘 强，荣湘民，张玉平 （湖南农业大学资源环境学院，农田污染控制与农业资源利用湖南省重点实验室，植物营养湖南省 普通高等学校重点实验室，土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室，湖南 长沙 410128 ） 摘 要：菜地过量施肥，引发了菜地土壤理化性质恶化、地表水体富营养化、地下水硝酸盐污染和大气污染等一系列环境问题 。 综 述了菜地土壤氮磷污染现状，指出应提倡合理施肥和水肥的综合管理、优化种植制度、种植填闲作物、应用生态拦截及源汇型景观 组合、研发应用新型肥料和化学抑制剂等。 关键词：菜地土壤；氮磷污染；防控措施 中图分类号：S155.41 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-060X（2013 ）17-0051-05 Present Status of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollution in Vegetable Fields and Its Control Measures GAO De-cai, ZHANG Lei, LIU Qiang,RONG Xiang-min ， ZHANG Yu-ping （College of Resources and Environment, HNAU, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition in Common University, National Engineering Laboratory on Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization, Changsha 410128, PRC ） Abstract: Chemical fertilizers are often excessively applied on vegetable fields to pursue higher yields. However, most vegetables are inherently shallow root system which results in large quantities of fertilizer losses and triggers a series of environmental problems, e.g., deterioration of physical and chemical properties of vegetable soil, eutrophication of surface water, nitrate pollution of groundwater and air pollution. This paper reviewed the present status of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in vegetable soils, and then it put forward some control measures aimed at supply references for the further study on the nitrogen and phosphorus polluti