基于单片机的温度监控器设计-毕业设计论文.docx

word文档可编辑 word文档可编辑 word文档可编辑 基于单片机的温度监控器设计 摘 要 在现代化的工业生产和人们的日常生活中，常常需要对温度进行控制。例如：在工业领域中，人们都对各类加热炉、反应炉等温度进行检测和控制[1] ；在生活中对热水器、太阳能电加热器等的温度控制。工控领域内的一种重要控制方法就是PID控制，将PID算法应用到以51单片机为核心的控制系统中，能产生良好的控制效果。 本系统是基于PID算法的温度监控控制系统。温度传感器采用数字温度传感器DS18B20，单片机收到温度数据后，在液晶显示器实时显示温度值，然后对温度偏差进行PID运算后，输出PWM波控制有过零检测的可控硅电路驱动加热器件。键盘可以设置加热温度和超限温度超限值，蜂鸣器可以实现温度越限报警。 本设计采用了过零点触发可控硅控制电路，温升小，电流冲击小，电磁干扰低，提高了控制的可靠性。经实验测试，该系统无震荡现象，响应时间短，稳态误差小，基本实现稳、准、快的指标。 关键词：单片机；DS18B20；PID；过零检测；可控硅 ABSTRACT In modern industrial production and peoples daily life, it is often necessary to control the temperature. For example: In the industrial field, people are all kinds of furnaces, reactors and other temperature measurement and control [1]; the temperature control on the water heater, solar electric heater in life. An important method of controlling industrial field is PID control, the PID algorithm is applied to 51 microcontroller as the core control system, can produce good control effect. This system is based on PID algorithm temperature monitoring control system. After the temperature sensor digital temperature sensor DS18B20, after MCU receives temperature data is displayed in real time on the LCD monitor temperature and temperature deviation PID operation, the output PWM wave control had thyristor zero-crossing detection circuit driving the heater. Keyboard can set the heating temperature and the temperature limit value is exceeded, the buzzer can realize temperature limit alarm. The design uses a zero crossing triac trigger control circuit, the temperature rise is small, a small current impact, low electromagnetic interference, improve the reliability of control. The experimental test, the system is no shock phenomenon, short response time, steady-state error is small, basically stable, accurate and fast indicators. Key words: SCM; DS18B20; PID; zero-detection; SCR word文档可编辑 word文档可编辑 目 录 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 第1章 引 言 1 1.1课题意义 1 1.2 温控技术现状与发展趋势 1 1.3 本设计研究的内容 2 1.4本章小结 2 第2章 总体方案设计 4 2.1系统方案论证