奶牛繁殖疾病与防治-蒋懿超.ppt

持久黄体 原因：母牛排卵时受不良因素的刺激，如惊吓、驱赶、打斗、饲料营养缺乏等。 表现：卵巢上有黄体突出，表面光滑，坚硬，无波动，无疼痛，肉样感，子宫没有变化，触诊没有收缩反应。 冻精质量低下 目前在全世界范围内，奶牛的配种已普遍采用冷冻精液人工授精,市场上奶牛冻精质量参差不齐，这里我们不讨论生产性能方面的质量问题，从繁殖学角度，我们至少应考虑以下最基本的要求： ox 冻精质量最基本的要求 （一）．选用细管冻精，市场上仍然不是100%的冻精都用细管装。 （二）．防止近亲繁殖 （三）．防止难产 （四）．冻精保存 （五）．配种技术和操作方法。 人工输精技术人员与奶牛繁殖障碍的关系 在我国目前情况下，改善人工输精的不良习惯，提高奶牛的繁殖率是最容易、也是最经济的。这也是作者最愿意强调的一部份 CL！Clean！ Ovaries on Day 0 of the Estrous Cycle.Day = estrus. The active left ovary shows a (functionally regressed CL) and 2 follicles. Legend: 1 = follicle 2 = corpus Ovaries on Day 2 of the Estrous Cycle.The left ovary shows a corpus hemorrhagicum (red) which has a soft consistency, as well as a corpus albicans (yellow) which has a firm/dense consistency. Legend: 1 = follicle 4 = regressed corpus luteum 5 = stroma. Ovaries on Day 3 of the Estrous Cycle.The left ovary shows a corpus hemorrhagicum which has a soft consistency,as well as a corpus albicans which has a firm/dense consistency. Legend: 1 = follicle 2 = corpus hemorrhagicum) 5 = stroma. Ovaries on Day 4 of the Estrous Cycle.The active left ovary shows a corpus hemorrhagicum and a dense corpus albicans. The right ovary shows an emerging dominant follicle. Legend:1 = follicle, 2 = corpus hemorrhagicum, 4 = corpus albicans / atreticum, 5 = stroma. Ovaries on Day 5 of the Estrous Cycle.The left ovary shows a late corpus hemorrhagicum, the right ovary a dominant follicle. Legend:1.follicle 2. corpus hemorrhagicum, 5. ovarian stroma, 8. artefact. 图例: 1，卵泡 2. 红体, 5. 卵巢基质 Ovaries on Day 6 of the Estrous Cycle.The left ovary shows a late corpus luteum that is now becoming senstive to the action of prostaglandin F2alpha. 图例: 1，卵泡 2. CL, 4. 白体, 5. 卵巢基质 Ovaries on Day 7 of the Estrous Cycle.The left ovary shows a fully developed corpusluteum, the right ovary a dominant follicle. 图例: 2. CL, 5. 卵巢基质 Ovaries on Day 7 Post Partum.Inactive ovaries during the early postpartum period. 1. follicle, 5. stroma, 8. artefact 牛人工授精员操作中普遍存在如下几类问题 （一）．