ACL访问控制列表.pdf
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ScottWang
ACL
ACL 的功能:
1.定义感兴趣流量;
2.安全策略;
3.路由策略
ACL 的分类:
基于编号的ACL :标准
扩展
基于命名的ACL :标准
扩展
一、基于编号的标准ACL:
范围:1--99 、1300--1999
特点:基于源IP 地址来进行匹配;
无法删除ACL 的某条语句
应用:
A.匹配具体的主机:
access-list 1 permit ( 表示反掩码 )==
access-list 1 permit host ==
access-list 1 permit 默认反掩码值为
B.匹配特定网段:
匹配普通网段:access-list 1 permit 55
匹配奇数IP:access-list 1 permit 54
匹配偶数IP:access-list 1 permit 54
C.匹配全网段:access-list 10 permit 55
access-list 10 permit any
注:access-list 1 permit 此方法无法匹配
全网段
D.控制vty 访问:
access-list 1 permit 55
access-list 1 permit 55
line vty 0 15
access-class 1 in
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NOTE:
此拓扑在运行路由协议的情况下做ACL ,首先要将协议permit 出
去,在做流量控制;但是标准的ACL 中没有基于协议,所以在此情
况下,要将协议停止并做默认路由出去,这样协议才不会对ACL 有
所影响:
access-list 100 permit ospf any any
access-list 100 permit ip host any
access-list 100 deny ip any any
int s0/0
ip access-group 100 in
二、基于编号的扩展ACL :
范围:100--199 、2000--2699
应用:
A.匹配路由协议:
access-list 100 permit ospf any any
access-list 100 permit eigrp any any
access-list 100 permit udp any any eq rip
access-list 100 permit tcp any any eq bgp
B.匹配具体协议的流量:
ICMP :access-list 100 permit icmp =
access-list 100 permit icmp host host
access-list 100 permit icmp host host echo
ping 出去不返回
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access-list 100 permit icmp host host
echo-replay ping 并出去返回
access-list 100 deny icmp any any time-exceeded
access-list 100 deny icmp any any unreachable
access-list 100 deny icmp any any traceroute
FTP: access-list 100 deny tcp host host eq ftp
Telnet: access-list 100 permit tcp host host eq
telnet端口为23
C.匹配已连接会话流量:
access-list 100 permit tcp any any established
NOTE:
established 表示只要TCP 数
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