the extended functional neuroanatomy of emotional processing biases for masked faces in major depressive disorder扩展功能的神经解剖学的情感处理偏见掩盖了在重度抑郁症.pdf

The Extended Functional Neuroanatomy of Emotional Processing Biases for Masked Faces in Major Depressive Disorder 1,2,3 1 1 2,4 ¨ 3 Teresa A. Victor *, Maura L. Furey , Stephen J. Fromm , Patrick S. F. Bellgowan , Arne Ohman , Wayne C. Drevets1,2 1 National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 2 Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America, 3 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 4 Faculty of Community Medicine, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States of America Abstract Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with a mood-congruent processing bias in the amygdala toward face stimuli portraying sad expressions that is evident even when such stimuli are presented below the level of conscious awareness. The extended functional anatomical network that maintains this response bias has not been established, however. Aims: To identify neural network differences in the hemodynamic response to implicitly presented facial expressions between depressed and healthy control participants. Method: Unmedicated-depressed participants with MDD (n = 22) and healthy controls (HC; n = 25) underwent functional MRI as they viewed face stimuli showing sad, happy or neutral face expressions, presented using a backward masking design. The blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal was measured to identify regions where the hemodynamic response to the emotionally valenced stimuli differed between groups. Results: The