无功补偿控制器设计研究学士学位论文.doc

题 目 无功补偿控制器设计研究 专 业 电气工程及其自动化无功补偿 学生：呼可晗 指导教师：王贵德 The optimal planning of distribution network reactive power compensation Student: Hu Kehan　　 teachers: Wang Guide Abstract This thesis is to design a controller which is under background of the reconstruction of the reactive power compensation.As the combination of reactive power cotroller and eletric power system measurement ,this drivce’s working theory is based on the real-time data of the eletric power system and it’s intention is to complete the most felicitious compensation for the reactive power which is exits in the 220V electric power wrie.the main part of the thesis includes the ameliorating of the net which comes from the reactive power compensate,the most felicitous compensating position and the hardware and the software design. This device’s hardware core is the 16-bit MCU which has many merits such as high operating speed .the software design adopts language of semble language which is a special advanced programming language and in the process of program ,we use the method of modularization which can improve the universal trait of the program and simplify the device’s maintenance. The device has simple interface of man-machine operating. Key words: reactive power compensation; Electric power capacitor; Single chip microcomputer. 目 录 摘 要 II 目 录 IV 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题背景 1 1.2 课题研究的目的和意义 1 1.3 无功补偿的分类 2 1.4 国内外研究现状及趋势 2 1.5 本文研究的主要内容 3 2 无功功率补偿原理 4 2.1 无功功率补偿原理 4 2.2 低压网络的无功补偿控制的几种实用方法 5 2.3 确定无功补偿器容量的一般方法 6 2.4 电网参数的测量 7 3 无功补偿控制器的硬件设计 9 3.1 无功自动补偿控制器的技术 9 3.2 互感器 9 3.3 CPU的选择 10 3.4 电压和电流检测电路 11 3.5 相位检测电路 16 3.6 显示电路 22 3.7 继电器驱动电路 22 3.8 主控制电路 23 3.9 其它相关电路及元件 27 4 系统调试 29 4.1 硬件调试 30 4.2 软件调试 30 4.3 误差分析及提高精度的措施 31 5 结论与展望 32 5.1 论文总结 32 5.2 本文的不足及课题展望 32 致 谢 33 参考文献 35 绪论 课题背景 近30年来，由于超高压远距离输电系统的发展，电网中无功功率的消耗也日益增大。低压电网中，随着居民生活水平的提高和家用电器的普及，以及小工业用户的增多，电网的功率因数大都比较低，尤其是电力电子装置的应用日益广泛，而大多数电力电子装置的功率因素很低，造成电网供电质量下降，也给电网带来额外负担。因此，利用无功补偿技术正成为当前世界各国电力设计