功率因数无功补偿应用.doc
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题目:功率因数的提高原理在电力系统中的应用
摘要:
随着经济的不断发展, 电力能源需求越来越高, 同时伴随着突出问题:电力能源无效的巨大消耗, 资源利用效率不高。电力系统的电力能源,包括两种功率:即有功功率和无功功率。有功功率是供给能量转换、变成机械能、热能、化学能等生产过程中的有效消耗。无功功率主要是供给电机、变压器、接触器、供电线路等电感负载交变磁场的能量在往复交换的过程,但没有消耗掉。电力系统中必须保持经济合理的功率因数,也就是需具备足够的无功无率来保持系统的电压水平,满足系统的安全、稳定、运行的要求。无功功率不足,将引起电压降低,使电力设备不能发挥正常出力,并容易造成电网振荡解列,引起大面积的停电;有功功率不足也是不行的,它将引起频率下降,又间接地影响电压。所以说,功率因数是决定发、供电系统经济效益的一个极为重要的因素, 它直接反映了系统中有功功率与无功功率的分配。然而在输送有功功率一定的情况下,无功功率增大,就会降低供电系统的功率因数。因此,功率因数是衡量供电系统电能利用程度及电气设备使用状况的一个具有代表性的重要指标,进而要改善功率因数,使发电设备的容量得到充分利用,让电能能够得到更大的节约。
关键词:功率因数、改善、人工补偿、自然
Title: Power Factor Improvement Principle In Power System Application
Abstract:With the constant development of economy, energy demand is more and more high, accompanied by the prominent problems: the huge consumption of electric energy ineffective, inefficient use of resources. The power system of electric energy, including two kinds of power: the active power and reactive power. Active power supply energy conversion, into mechanical energy, thermal energy, and chemical energy during the production of effective consumption. Reactive power is mainly supplied to the motor, transformer, a contactor, power line inductance load alternating magnetic field energy in the reciprocating exchange process, but dont consume. Power system must maintain the economic and reasonable power factor, which is required to have sufficient reactive power without rate to maintain the voltage level, to meet the system security, stability, operation requirements. Reactive power is insufficient, will cause the voltage is reduced, so that the power equipment can not play normal output, and is easy to cause power system splitting, cause a large area power; active power shortage is not good, it will cause the frequency of falls, and indirectly affect the voltage. Therefore, the power factor is decided, power system economic benefits is an extremely important factor, it directly reflects the system active power and reactive power distribution. However in
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