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《浅谈热处理新技术、新工艺》-毕业论文(设计).doc

发布:2018-12-01约1.24万字共16页下载文档
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PAGE 浅谈热处理新技术、新工艺 摘要:在机械制造工业中,热处理在其中占有十分重要的位置,它是提高机械零件质量和延长使用寿命的关键工序,也是充分发挥金属材料潜力、节约材料的有效途径。正确地选择材料,合理进行热处理,不仅减少废品,而且可以显著提高机器零件和工模具寿命。进入20世纪以来,热处理这门学科得到了突飞猛进的发展,随着检测手段的进步,人们应用定量金相技术、电子显微技X射线与俄歇谱仪等揭示出金属及合金更微观的结构,对金属学及热处理的一些基础理论的研究,发挥了巨大的作用。为适应现代技术的要求,热处理的应用研究,也同样方兴未艾,生气勃勃。尤其值得一提的是热处理工艺方法的新进展,已完全改变了古老的热处理的面貌。 Abstract:In the machinery manufacturing industry, in which heat plays a very important position, it is to improve the quality and extend the service life of mechanical parts of the key processes, but also give full play to the potential of metallic materials, an effective way to save material. The correct choice of materials, heat treatment and reasonable, not only reduce waste, but also can significantly improve the life of machine parts and mold. Since the beginning of the 20th century, heat treatment, the discipline has been rapid development, with advances in detection methods, it is application of quantitative metallographic techniques, X-ray and electron microscope technology such as Auger spectroscopy revealed the microstructure of metal and alloy structure more , metallurgy and heat treatment on some basic theoretical research, played a huge role. In order to meet the requirements of modern technology, application of heat, also in the ascendant, dynamic. It is particularly worth mentioning is the new heat treatment method of progress, has completely changed the face of the old treatment. 前言 热处理这门古老而年轻的科学,古往今来在人们的生产实践中生产,在人们的生产实践中发展,也对人们的生存起着重要的影响。早在我国春秋战国时期,人们通过热处理(淬火)使得宝剑更锋利,通过化学热处理,保持兵器不锈。在2000年前的汉代就有对热处理(淬火)方法的记载,在300多年前的明代,人们就能将淬火、退火、渗碳等工艺方法熟练地应用于生产实践。进入现代,热处理对近代工业的贡献就更为突出。热处理并不改变零件的外形,却能使零件性能发生巨大变化,从而使其寿命成倍增加,据统计,机床工业中有60%~70%的零(部)件要经过热处理,汽车、拖拉机等车辆制造行业有70%~80%的零件需要经过热处理,而工具制造业中几乎100%的零件要进行热处理。随着科学技术的进步,人类在宇航事业、原子能以及现代兵器领域,对金属材料制造的零件提出更高的要求,如高强度、抗腐耐高温、抗疲劳、耐磨损等。要满足这些特殊性能的要求,通过热处理这种特殊工艺方法,改变金属内部的组织结构,从而使得预期的强化目的,是非常有效的。 目录 概述··················································4 常见热处理中的缺陷及其影响······························5 热处理的新技术、新工艺···················
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