(连词专题.doc

深圳牛津版英语 连词专题 (一)知识概要 连词是一种在句子与句子之间，短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词，它不能单独作句子的成份。按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词连接的双方是对等的。常有的并列连词有and, both…and, either…or, neither…nor， not only…but also, as well as等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致，意义有转折的并列连词有：but, however, while (而)，only (只不过)。还有表示选择关系的并列连词，如：or, or else, otherwise… 再有的是连接双方，互为因果，或表示前因后果的连词有：for, so, therefore (因此)，then等。从属连词在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句，如：that, if, whether,其次用来连接状语从句。其中有原因状语从句，常用的连接词有：when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till连接条件状语的连词有：if, unless, as long as等，而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有：so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where… 它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。具体用法见下表。 连词用法一览表 种类 功用 例句 具有并列关系的词 He knows neither English nor French. 短语 Are you going by bus or on foot? 分句 Mary was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming. 从属连词引导： 状语从句 Ill do it as you told me. You will be late unless you hurry. 连接代词和连接副词 主语从句 What he said proved true. When well start has not been decided yet. 表语从句 This is why he didnt come yesterday. That is where he lives. 宾语从句 The man asked me which I liked best. I cant understand why she is so late. 关系代词和关系副词 定语从句 Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking. He came last night when I was out. ［误］ Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. ［正］ Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. ［析］ 在英语中both一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：Both of us are not right.在英语中应被理解为我们俩不都对。而Neither of us is right。 才能被理解为我们俩无一正确。 ［误］ He or his parents has some tickets for the film. ［正］ He or his parents have some tickets for the film. ［析］ 由or连接两主语时，谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。 ［误］ You should study hard, and you wont pass the exam. ［正］ You should study hard, or you wont pass the exam. ［析］ or作为连词，这里的意思为否则。又如：Hurry up, or youll be late for school. ［误］ Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［正］ Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. ［正］ He is poor, but he is ready to help others. ［析］ 虽然……但是是中文