孕前优生健康检查与出生缺陷预防关系分析.doc

孕前优生健康检查与出生缺陷预防关系分析 　　[摘要] 目的 探析孕前优生健康检查与出生缺陷预防关系及其在预防出生缺陷方面的效果。方法 整群选择2010年1月―2013年12月期间于该院进行孕前优生健康检查355名妇女作为观察组，另以参与调查研究且未行孕前优生健康检查380例妇女作为对照组。为两组孕妇建立档案，对随访情况进行记录，登记妊娠结局、出生缺陷发生率，比较两组出生缺陷发生率。结果 观察组出生缺陷发生率为0.3%（1例唇腭裂），显著低于对照组1.9%（3例唇腭裂、2例神经管畸形、1例先天性心脏病、1例指/趾畸形），对比差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。结论 孕前优生健康在已婚适龄女性孕产前的应用可有效防治自身疾病，并通过对相关风险因素的干预、评估来避免新生儿出生缺陷情况、最大限度降低新生儿出生缺陷发生率。 　　[关键词] 孕前优生健康检查；出生缺陷；预防 　　[中图分类号] R59 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2015）04（c）-0176-02 　　[Abstract] Objective Analysis of the relationship between pre pregnancy checkups and birth defects prevention and its effect on the prevention of birth defects. Methods 355 women who did pre pregnancy health examination in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2013 as the observation group， the other to participate in investigation of 380 cases of women who not for pre pregnancy health examination as control group. Establish files for two groups of pregnant women， recorded follow-up situation， pregnancy outcome， the incidence of birth defects registration， compared incidence of birth defects of two groups. Results In observation group， the incidence of birth defects was 0.3%（1 cases of cleft lip and palate）， was significantly lower than control group of 1.9% （3 cases of cleft lip and palate ， 2 cases of neural tube defects， 1 cases of congenital heart disease， 1 cases of finger/toe deformity）， difference was statistically significance （P0.05）. Conclusion Using eugenic health before pregnancy in the application of married female school-age pregnancy before can effectively control their disease， through the analysis of the risk factor intervention， evaluate to prevent birth defects in situation， the maximum reduce the incidence of birth defects in newborns. 　　[Key words] Pre pregnancy checkups； Birth defects； Prevention 　　出生缺陷指新生儿出生前现结构、功能或代谢发生异常，其会给患儿生理及心理均造成严重负面影响、增加家庭与社会负担[1]。近年来，社会环境不断恶化，危险因素增多、生育疾病影响因素也因此增多，致使我国出生缺陷发生率呈现升趋势，防控形势不容乐观。出生缺陷已成为严重社会问题，相关资料调查所得出生缺陷各地均不相同，但总体发生率在3%～4%之间[2]，不仅影响患儿今后发展，同时也让增加父母经济与心理负担，造成身心