生物质三组分热裂解技术的进展案例.docx

生物质三组分热裂解技术的研究进展摘要:在热天平上对比研究了生物质中的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素三种主要组分的热失重规律。结果表明，作为半纤维素模型化合物的木聚糖热稳定性差，217℃-390℃发生明显分解；纤维素热裂解起始温度最高，且主要失重发生在较窄温度区域，固体残留物仅为6.5%；木质素表现出较宽的失重温度区域，最终固体残留物高达42%。研究了三组分热裂解产物随温度的变化规律。三组分热裂解生物油产量随温度变化先升后降。纤维素生物油产量在峰值上最高，但纤维素生物油热稳定性差，高温时挥发分的二次分解最明显；木聚糖和木质素生物油产量较低，表现出较好的热稳定性。三组分热裂解焦炭产量随温度升高而降低，最终纤维素热裂解焦炭产量为1.5%，而木聚糖和木质素分别为22%和26%。三组分热裂解气体产物随温度升高而增长，但在气体组成分布上因三组分的结构上的差异而不同。对三组分热裂解机理进行了研究。关键词：生物质；热裂解；生物油 Abstract：The thermal weight loss of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin in three main components of biomass were studied in a thermal balance. The results showed that the as model compounds of hemicellulose xylan poor thermal stability,217 - 390 ℃ occurred obviously decompose; cellulose pyrolysis initiation temperature was the highest, and the main weight loss occurred in a narrow temperature region, solid residues is only 6. 5%; lignin showed a wide temperature region of weight loss, the final solid residues up to 42%. The variation of thermal cracking products with temperature in the three groups was studied. The yield of three component pyrolysis bio oil decreased with the temperature change. Cellulose bio oil yield in peak on the highest, but the cellulose bio oil heat stability, high temperature volatile secondary decomposition of the most obvious; xylan and lignin lower lignin bio oil yield showed good thermal stability. The yield of pyrolysis coke decreased with the increase of temperature, and the yield of cellulose pyrolysis coke was 1.5%, while the yield of three and lignin were 22% and 26% respectively. The pyrolysis gas products of the three groups increase with the temperature, but the difference of the structure of the three components is different. The pyrolysis mechanism of the three groups was studied.Key words：biomass; pyrolysis; bio-oil引言生物质是能源领域常用的一个术语。是指通过光合作用而形成的各种有机体，包括所有的动植物和微生物。而所谓生物质能，就是太阳能以化学能形式贮存在生物质中的能量形式，即以生物质为载体的能量。生物质是指通过光合作用而直接及间接产生的各种有机体，光合作用是指植物利用空气中的二氧化碳和土壤中的水分，吸收太阳能而转换为碳水化合物和氧气的过程，是生命活动中的关键过程。生物质能具有如下特点:(1)生物质在燃烧过程中，对环境污染小。生物质的