第9章细胞周期及调控.pdf

第九章 细胞周期与调控 The cultured rat kidney cell in metaphase Blue: condensed chromosomes; red: microtubules of the spindle apparatus; 1 green: the inner nuclear envelope protein POM121 The cell cycle The cell-cycle control system The mechanics of cell division 2 1、The cell cycle The cell cycle entails an ordered series of macromolecular events that lead to cell division and the production of two daughter cells each containing chromosomes identical to those of the parental cell. The eukaryotic cell cycle is divided into four phases:  Interphase (间期) • Gap 1 phase (G 期): the period between mitosis 1 and the initiation of nuclear DNA replication • DNA synthetic phase (S期, DNA合成期): the period of nuclear DNA replication • Gap 2 phase (G2 期): the period between the completion of nuclear DNA replication and mitosis  Mitosis phase (M期, 有丝分裂期) • Mitosis • Cytokinesis Cycling cell （周期中细胞） 3 Quiescent cell （静止期细胞，G0 phase） Stages of mitosis in an animal cell Prophase(前期), Prometaphase(前中期), Metaphase( 中期), Anaphase(后期), Telophase(末期); Cytokinisis(细胞质分裂期) 4 The phases of Mitosis in a plant cell 5 Meiosis 6 Variations in generation time for cells of different tissues • Cells, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, or red blood cells, that are highly specialized and lack the ability to divide • Cells that normally do not divide