冶金过程与非平衡态热力学.pdf

2002 年 9 月 包 头 钢 铁 学 院 学 报 September ,2002 第 21 卷第 3 期 Journal of Baotou University of Iron and Steel Technology Vol .21 ,No .3 ( ) 　　文章编号 :1004 - 9762 2002 03 - 0197 - 06 冶金过程与非平衡态热力学 魏季和 ,胡汉涛 (上海大学 材料科学与工程学院 ,上海 　200072) 关键词 :冶金过程 ;非线性 ;非平衡性 ;冶金反应工程学 ;非平衡态热力学 中图分类号 :TF01 　　　文献标识码 :A ( ) ( ) 摘 　要 : 以纯净钢 超低碳钢和超低硫钢 的真空循环 RH 精炼为例 ,说明了冶金过程的非线性和非平衡性特征 ,分 析了冶金反应工程学和非平衡态热力学的异同 ,讨论了基于非平衡态热力学和冶金反应工程学的观点、原理和方 法研究和处理实际冶金过程的必要性和可行性 指出:为真实地定量描述实际冶金过程 ,必须充分考虑其非平衡 性和非线性的特点 ;非平衡态热力学在冶金领域应该和能够发挥其作用 ,应该加强 、加速开展和进行冶金过程非平 衡态热力学及其应用的研究 Metallurgical processes and nonequilibrium thermodynamics WEI Jihe ,HU Hantao (College of Materials Science Engineering ,Shanghai University ,Shanghai 200072 ,China) Key words :metallurgical processes ;nonlinearity ;nonequilibrium ;metallurgical reaction engineering ;nonequilibrium thermodynamics Abstract :Taking the vacuum circulation (RH) refining of clean steel (ultralowcarbon and ultralowsulphur steel) as an example ,the nonlin ear and nonequilibrium features of metallurgical processes have been illustrated. The similarities and differences between metallurgical reaction engineering and nonequilibrium thermodynamics have been analyzed. The necessity and feasibility investigating and dealing with practical met allurgical processes from the viewpoints ,fundamentals and methods of nonequilibrium thermodynamics with metallurgical reaction engineering have been discuss