药学毕业论文(1).doc

毕 业 论 文 本科年级 201 学号 学生姓名 实习单位指导老师 南京中医药大学成人教育学院 Abstract：Objective: To investigate the characteristics of Adverse drug reaction (ADR) in The First People’s Hospital Of Xuzhou and to promote the safety and rationality of drug use in clinic.?Methods?: 212 ADR cases reported in The First People’s Hospital Of Xuzhou in 2009 were analyzed in terms of patients’ age and sex, route of administration, category of the drugs, clinical manifestation of the ADR. Results?: Among the 212 cases, female cases has no great difference with the male cases?; most were senile patients, whom accounted for 22.17% (47 cases), most were induced by ivgtt, which accounted for 94.81% (201 cases)?; most were induced by anti-infective, which accounted for 70.28% (149 cases); followed by the traditional Chinese medicine, which accounted for 14.15% (30 cases)?; The most common clinical manifestations were the damage of shin and adnexa, which accounted for 32.24% (98 cases). Conclvsion: Mang kinds of factors lead to the occurrences of ADR, we should pay adequate attention to ADR, strengthen supervision and management of ADR to guide clinical rational drug use to minimize or avoid ADR from happening. Key words: Adverse drug reaction; Retrospective; Analysis 药品不良反应（ADR）101 111 212 100.00 2.2 发生ADR的给药途径分布 212例ADR报告中，静脉滴注引起ADR最多，占94.81% (20l例)。不同给药途径致ADR详见 表2。 表2 发生ADR的给药途径分布 给药途径 例数/n 构成比/% 静脉滴注 201 94.81 静脉推注 1 0.47 肌肉注射 2 0.94 口服 7 3.3 外用 1 0.47 合计 212 100.00 2.3 引起ADR的药品类型分布 212例ADR报告中，抗感染药引发的ADR最多，占70.28% (149例)；其次是中成药，占14.15% (30例)。引起ADR的药品类型分布详见表3。 表3 引起ADR的药品类型分布 药品类型 例次/n 构成比/% 涉及药物 抗感染药 149 70.28 加替沙星注射液（58）注射用头孢呋辛钠（14）左氧氟沙星胶囊（13）阿奇霉素分散片（8）阿莫西林克拉维酸钾胶囊（7）呋布西林注射液（7）克林霉素注射液（7）注射用头孢哌酮（9）青霉素注射液（5）氨曲南注射液（5）头孢西丁注射液（4）氟罗沙星胶囊(4)柔红霉素胶囊（2）头孢米诺注射液（1）头孢孟多注射液（2）替硝唑片（2）奥硝唑注射液（1） 中成药 30 14.15 炎琥宁注射液（7）双黄连口服液（6）葛根素注射液（4）鹿瓜多肽（2）血塞通注射液（2）红花注射液（2）天麻注射液（2）热毒宁注射液（1）益血生注射液（1）甘草酸二铵注射液（1）丹红注射液（1）喜炎平（1） 消化系统药 6 2.83 泮托拉唑注射液（4）奥美拉唑胶囊（1）碳酸氢钠片（1） 抗肿瘤药 7 3.3 希罗达（2）紫杉醇（2）奥沙利铂（