汽车座椅资料_Report_1332(英文版)..doc

REPORT 1332 SEAT DESIGN FOR CRASH WORTHINESS By I.IRVING PINKEL and EDMUND G.ROSENBERG SUMMARY A study of many crash deceleration records suggested a simplified model of a crash deceleration pulse, which incorporates the essential properties of the pulse. The model pulse is considered to be composed of a base pulse on which are super-imposed more secondary pulses of shorter duration. The results of a mathematical analysis of the seat-passenger deceleration in response to the airplane deceleration pulse are provided. On the basis of this information presented as working charts, the maximum deceleration loads experienced by the seat and passenger in response to the airplane deceleration pulse can be computed. This maximum seat-passenger deceleration is found to depend on the natural frequency of the seat containing the passenger, considered as a mass-spring system. Seat failure is considered to be a progressive process, which begins when the seat is deformed beyond the elastic limit. Equations are presented that relate the energy available to deform the seat beyond the elastic limit to the maximum seat-passenger deceleration, seat natural frequency, and seat strength. A method is presented that shows how to arrive at a combination of seat strength, natural frequency, and ability to absorb energy in deformation beyond the elastic limit that will allow the seat to serve without failure during an airplane deceleration pulse taken as the design requirement. The qualities of the seat can be obtained from measurements made under static conditions. Data are presented from full-scale laboratory and crash studies on the deceleration loads measured on dummy passengers in seats of standard and novel design. The general trends indicated by theory are obtained. INTRODUCTION Crash measurements show that the deceleration imposed on a seat in a crash is highly irregular, and the question raised is “What is the relation between the properties of a seat measured under stati