煤矿瓦斯监测学士学位.doc

煤矿瓦斯监测 摘要 能源工业是国家经济发展的命脉，近年来，随着石油资源的紧张、石油价格的飚升，煤炭行业的重要地位和不可替代性也日益显现。然而，中国煤炭行业的安全生产形势却不容乐观，尤其是重、特大伤亡事故屡见报端。在这些事故中，瓦斯爆炸又占绝大数。这其中，固然有很多诱发因素，但各煤矿生产企业安全监测设备不完备、管理手段落后是造成事故频发的重要原因之一。 论文首先介绍了当代瓦斯报警系统的现状及其发展状况以及气体传感器的原理使用。在此基础上，详细论述了瓦斯气体报警系统的硬件电路设计与系统软件设计。本课题采用具有较高性价比的单片机AT89S52构成煤矿气体监测系统的核心部分，根据气体传感器测量的信号，实现对CH4的成分识别和浓度测量；使用按键面板输入外部命令；采用ATMEL公司的Data Flash存储器AT24C02存储设定的参数及大量的测量数据；采用RS--485协议，实现数据远传；通过中继器的再生还原传输到地面就收PC机，由地面通讯软件接收处理。 关键词：传感器：煤矿；数据采集；串口通讯; Abstract Energy industry is the vitals of our country’s economy development．In recent years，in company with petroleum resources shortage、petroleum prices grow rapidly．The importance and unsubstitutability of coal industry increase everyday．But Chinese coal industry safety in production refuse optimism，as serious casualty repeatedly appeared in the newspaper．Gas explosion occupy the most part of those accident．It is sure that many factors caused that, but each colliery enterprise’s lack of safety monitoring equipment、ladder of management lag are the one of substantial reasons． First of all，the dissertation expounds the development and actuality of CH4 instrumentation．Then introduce the design requirement of the instrumentation，because collierys underground working environment’s high humidity、has flammable and detonable gasses and smut particularly with other location’s working environment ,so the electric installation must conform blast protection requirement and must have grounding overflowing creepage protector．At third chapter, the dissertation elaborated the CH4 detection instrument’s hardware and software．The whole detection instruments hardcore is SCM AT89S52，according to the signal detected by the gas sensor to identify the ingredient of the air and the Use eight LED nixie tube to display the gas consistency of CH4．Use keyboard panel to input the external command；Adopt Data Flash AT24C02 produced by ATMEL to store the parameters and substantive data．Use eight LED nixie tube to display the gas consistency．Under the