不同氯水平对两种脐橙砧穗组合幼苗影响.doc
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不同氯水平对两种脐橙砧穗组合幼苗的影响 摘要:以1年生枳壳砧和枳橙砧纽荷尔脐橙幼苗为材料,采用砂培方法研究不同氯离子浓度处理下对2种脐橙幼苗的生长和体内氯离子含量的影响。结果表明,不同砧木纽荷尔脐橙对氯离子的耐受力存在差异,枳壳砧较枳橙砧耐受力差;植株体内氯离子含量在不同砧穗组合间存在差异,枳壳砧脐橙叶片中氯离子的含量明显高于根系,而枳橙砧总体呈现与之相反的变化趋势。两种砧木纽荷尔脐橙对氯离子的敏感性差异可能与氯离子在根系和叶片中的分配差异密切相关
关键词:脐橙;砧穗组合;氯;幼苗
中图分类号:S666.4 文献标识码:B 文章编号:0439-8114(2016)19-5018-03
DOI:10.14088/ki.issn0439-8114.2016.19.030
Abstract: One year old Poncirus Trifoliata rootstock and Citrange rootstock of Newhall navel orange seedlings were used as materials, and the date including the growth of citrus scion-rootstock combination and chloride ion in vivo distribution were researched through sand cultivation. The results has indicated that there was difference performance for different citrus scion-rootstock combination under treatments with different chloride ion levels, and the tolerant capability of chloride for Citrange rootstock was higher than Poncirus Trifoliata rootstock. There was higher chloride concentration in roots than leaves for Poncirus Trifoliata rootstock under different chloride iron levels in this trial. However, opposite performance for Citrange rootstock in the same condition. The different tolerant capability for chloride ion stress between the two kinds of citrus scion-rootstock combination maybe closely related to the chloride iron distribute between the root system and leaves.
Key words:navel orange; scion-rootstock combination; chlorine; seedling
柑橘是对盐胁迫最敏感的果树之一[1],根区土壤较高的盐分会导致植物叶片中较高的氯离子积累,进而引发一系列生理代谢紊乱、甚至产生氯离子毒害症状[2,3],最终导致品质和产量降低[4]。已有的研究表明,柑橘砧木对氯离子胁迫响应存在基因型差异[5,6];不同砧穗组合对氯离子的耐受能力也不同[5];作物间的耐氯力差异受品种、发育时期等因素的影响[7];施用常量含氯化肥(100~200 mg/kg)对作物生长无不良影响,且还有一定的促进作用,但施氯过多,超过耐氯临界值时,氯对作物生长有抑制作用,严重时发生毒害[8];果园采用400EC的灌溉水,每增加100EC甜橙就减产6%[4]
脐橙园灌溉水、大气沉降、农家肥以及其他农业化学品施用等都可能增加土壤耕层中氯离子的积累,导致土壤盐害问题[7,9,10]。近年来随着绿色有机种植理念的普及,赣南脐橙园有机肥尤其是农家肥的施用越来越普遍,季节性干旱期间果园灌溉也越来越受到重视,但氯离子存在的潜在危害可能成为赣南脐橙健康发展的一个栽培生理问题。目前赣南主栽品种纽荷尔脐橙对氯离子的耐受力及响应机制鲜见报道,为此本研究进行了这方面的试验
1 材料与方法
试验材料采自江西省赣县江口苗繁场,为1年生枳壳砧和枳橙砧纽荷尔脐橙幼苗。随机选取长势较一致的健康幼苗,移植于国家脐橙工程技术研究中心盆栽场,每盆1株
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