十字路口交通信号灯-单片机课程设计.doc

摘 要 本次的课程是设计十字路口交通信号灯,它的出现，使交通得以有效管制，对于疏导交通流量、提高道路通行能力，减少交通事故有明显效果。本系统采用单片机AT89S52为中心器件来设计交通灯控制器，系统实用性强、操作简单、扩展性强。本设计就是采用单片机模拟十字路口交通灯的状态显示以及倒计时。 　　本设计系统由单片机I/O口扩展系统、交通灯状态显示系统、LED数码显示系统、复位电路等几大部分组成。系统除基本的交通灯功能外，还具有倒计时功能，较好的模拟实现了十字路口可能出现的状况。 软件上采用汇编语言编程，主要编写了主程序，LED数码管显示程序。经过整机调试，实现了对十字路口交通灯的模拟。 它的出现为交通的安全和便利提供了很好的保证。 关键词 交通灯；单片机；计算机；硬件系统；软件系统 ABSTRACT This course is designed intersection traffic lights, its occurrence, make traffic to effectively control for relieves traffic flow, improve traffic capacity, reduce the number of traffic accidents have obvious effect. The system adopts single-chip microcomputer AT89C51 as the center device to designing traffic light controller, system strong practicality, simple operation, extensible. This design is one-chip computer simulation intersection traffic lights state display and countdown. This design by single-chip microcomputer system I/O mouth extended system, traffic status display system, LED digital display system and reset circuit and several other major components. System besides basic traffic lights function outside, still have countdown function, good simulation crossroads possible conditions. Software is used on assembly language programming, mainly prepared the main program, LED digital pipe display program. After the machine commissioning, realize the intersection traffic simulation. It will appear as transportation safety and convenience, provide good guarantee. Keywords Traffic lights；icrocontroller；Computers； Hardware system； Software system 目 录 1 引言 ……………………………………………………………………… 1 1.1 设计课题任务……………………………………………………… 1 1.2 功能要求说明……………………………………………………… 1 2 课题任务分析和系统方案的论证……………………………………… 2 2.1 交通灯变换规律…………………………………………………… 2 2.2 系统方案的论证…………………………………………………… 2 3 硬件方案的设计………………………………………………………… 4 3.1 单片机基础知识…………………………………………………… 4 3.2 时钟电路和复位电路的设计……………………………………… 5 3.3 电路原理图………………………………………………………… 6 3.4 PCB 图……………………………………………………………… 6 3.5 布局图……………………………………………………………… 6 3.6 元器件清单…………………………