PLC控制的桥式起重机变频调速系统设计.doc

太原科技大学本科生毕业设计（论文） 梁灵宝：PLC控制的桥式起重机变频调速系统设计 PAGE - 34 - PAGE III 摘 要 桥式起重机作为物料搬运系统中一种典型设备,在企业生产活动中应用广泛作用显著,因此对于提高桥式起重机的运行效率,确保运行的安全可靠性,降低物料搬运成本是十分重要。传统的桥式起重控制系统主要采用继电器接触器进行控制,采用交流绕线串电阻的方法进行启动和调速,这种控制系统存在可靠性差,操作复杂,故障率高。电能浪费大,效率低等缺点。本文针对桥式起重机控制系统中存在的上述问题,把可编程序控制器和变频器应用于桥式起重机控制系统上,并进行了较深入的研究。控制系统采用桥式起重机变频调速技术后具有节能、减少机械磨损，启动性能好等诸多优点。 关键词：变频调速 桥式起重机 可编程控制器 Abstract Bridge crane, as a typical materials handling system in enterprise production equipment, is widely used to production, thus it is very vital to improve the efficiency of bridge cranes and ensure the safety and reliability of the operation and reduce the cost of handling material. The traditional bridge crane control system is mainly controlled by electric relay, using the method of communication winding resistance to start and speed. But the shortcomings in it are poor reliability, complex operation, high failure, wasteful energy and low efficiency. Aiming at solving the problems of above-mentioned, PLC and frequency converter are applied to bridge crane, and the control system is studied. After adopting bridge crane variable-frequency regulating speed technology, the control system has reduced energy, mechanical properties, etc. Keywords: Frequency conversion velocity modulation Bridge crane Programmable Logic Controller 目 录 第一章 绪 论…………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1 桥式起重机概述……………………………………………………………1 第二章 变频调速系统分析 ………………………………………………………3 2.1 变频调速…………………………………………………………………3 2.2 变频调速的基本原理……………………………………………………3 2.3变频器的基本构成…………………………………………………………5 2.4变频器的保护………………………………………………………………6 2.4.1过电流保护功能……………………………………………………6 2.4.2过电压保护功能……………………………………………………7 2.4.3 欠电压保护…………………………………………………………8 第三章 变频调速桥式起重机系统设计 …………………………………………9 3.1 桥式起重机系统硬件构成及各部分功能…………………………………9 3.2系统的硬件部件选择…………………………………………………… 10 3.2.1 电机的选用…………………………………………………………10 3.2.2 变频器的选择………………………………………………………11 3.2.3 常用辅助器件的选择………………………………………………13 3.3 PLC控制的变频调速系统硬件设计……………………………………15 3.3.1 桥式起重机PLC及变频器系统………………………………