基于USB的矿车速度测量记录系统的研制-信号与信息处理专业论文.docx

摘 要 由于缺乏有效监管，煤矿机车因超速引发安全事故的情况时有发生。矿车速度测量 记录系统的研制，可以有效地解决井下矿车速度难以监控的问题。它将矿车速度的测量、 超速报警提示、记录数据的保存和显示处理结合起来，以通用串行总线设备为数据传输 媒介，在限制司机超速行驶的同时，方便了有关人员的管理。 设计系统分为井下测量仪和井上管理计算机两部分。测量仪以增量式光电编码器为 传感器，以测频法为基础，利用单片机采集处理速度脉冲信号，将需要的速度和时间数 据存入暂存卡中，同时在数码管上实时显示矿车速度或系统时间。若矿车超速，则有报 警信号发出。增量式光电编码器能够适应井下多粉尘、强噪声的恶劣环境，并且安装方 便。应用测频率法，符合矿车运行实际情况。矿车司机临下班前，将 USB 存储设备插入 测量仪专用接口，工作数据自动由暂存卡导入 USB 存储设备。升井后，司机将 USB 设备 带至地面管理计算机，插入 USB 接口，计算机专用软件将以表格形式显示当班的机车的 速度数据，该软件还带有打印、查询等其他管理功能。采用 USB 设备传递数据，不仅数 据传输速度快、可热插拔，而且使用方便。论文着重介绍了记录系统的硬件设计(包括测 量仪电路和 USB 模块内部及外围电路设计)和嵌入式 USB 主机软件开发。 关键词：速度测量，增量式光电编码器，通用串行总线，嵌入式主机 Abstract Because of being short of effective intendance, the engine in coal mines often brings security accident due to excessive speed. It’s an effective way to solve the problem how to watch tramcar speed under the mine by developing the tramcar-speed-measuring-and-recording system. This system band together tramcar speed measurement, over-speed alarm and the conservation, display and management of record data. Data is transferred depending on Universal Serial Bus equipment. Through the usage of this system, not only chauffeurs’ excessive speed can be limited, also management can be made easily. The system is made up of two parts: measuring instrument under the mine and the computer on the ground. Taking the incremental photoelectric encoder as the sensor and based on measuring frequency, the measuring instrument use the singlechip to collect and manage speed impulse signals, and save needed speed and time data into the temporary card. Meanwhile, real-time tramcar speed or system time are displayed on the light-emitting diode. If the tramcar runs over speed, then an alarm is given. The incremental photoelectric encoder is fit for the environment full of powder and dust and strong noise. Also, it can be fixed expediently. It accords with the fact of tramcars’ running to use the method of frequency measurement. Just before being off duty, t