能量高效的WSN分簇路由协议研究.doc
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能量高效的WSN分簇路由协议研究
摘要:传统分簇路由协议存在簇首节点的能耗分布不均匀,簇首节点与基站之间数据传输未采用最短路径传送,数据传输效率低使得网络能耗较高及网络生存期短问题。针对这些问题提出一种基于剩余能量和簇首最佳距离的分布式分簇路由算法EDAC。由基站根据剩余能量选择候选簇头,被选择簇头之间的距离要求在最佳簇首分布距离内,利用蚁群优化算法在各簇头之间找到一条最短路径多跳传输数据。Matlab仿真结果表明,EDAC协议比LEACH协议在网络生存期上延长了20%。
关键词:无线传感器网络;剩余能量;最佳簇首分布;蚁群算法
中图分类号:TP393.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1009-3044(2016)18-0025-02
Research of Clustering Routing Protocol based on Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Network
DU Jia-xuan1,YANG Jun
(1.School of Mathematics and Computer, NingXia University,Yinchuan 750021,China; 2.Network Administration Center, NingXia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)
Abstract:Traditional cluster-based routing protocols do not perform so well in network energy consumption and lifetime when the network is large,because energy consumption among cluster-heads are not uniform,the route between BS and cluster-heads may be not the shortest,the low data transmission efficiency.To solve these problems, based on residual energy and the best distance of the cluster head proposed a distributed clustering routing protocols EDAC. The base station selects a candidate cluster head based on the residual energy , to be selected cluster head should within the best cluster head distribution optimum distance, using AC algorithm find the shortest path between each cluster head so that multihop transmission data. The simulation with MATLAB shows that the EDAC outperforms LEACH nearly 20% in the network lifetime.
Key words: WSNs;Residual Energy;Best Cluster Head Distribution;AC
1 引言
无线传感器网络WSNs[1](Wireless Sensor Networks)是数目较大且具有计算能力和处理能力小型传感器节点通过有限的能量供应进行数据采集的自组织网络。在有限的能量供应下,传感器节点将采集的感知数据通过某种协议传送至基站,在这一过程中能量的有效利用是延长无线传感器网络生存时间的关键。学者们针对WSNs中能量有效利用问题提出了很多新颖的想法,其中分簇思想由于在实际应用中得到了良好的效果从而引起了学者们的广泛关注。LEACH(Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy)[2]协议采取随机性的选择簇头把能量的消耗分布在无线传感器网络内的所有节点上。HEED[3](Hybrid energy efficient distributed clustering)是基于混合能量和通信代价的特定概率公式选择簇头,剩余能量较高和低通信代价的节点才可以当选簇头,但是该协议不保证最优的簇头数和网络连通性.
通过对以上文献总结得出,已经存在的算法都存在簇首分布不合理,簇间通信耗能较
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