武大考博英语翻译.doc

不定式短语在句中分析与翻译的实例 86．In solids the molecules are relatively close to each other and the forces of attraction are great enough to hold the molecules in a regular pattern and thus maintain a definite volume and shape. 在固体中，分子彼此结合得很紧密，分子引力大得足以使分子保持在有规则的结构中，从而使固体能维持一定的体积和形状。 (to hold．．．and．．．maintain．．．是不定式短语，起结果状语作用，说明enough。) 87．it is impossible for a sdf-acting machine，unaided by any external agency，to convey heat from one body to another at a higher temperature． 不借助于任何外在因素，自动机不可能把热能从一个物体传递给另一个温度较高的物体。 (不定式短语to convey．．．temperature在句中作主语，it是形式主语，for．．．machine是不定式to convey的逻辑主体。分词短语unaided．．．agency起状语作用，有条件的意味。) 88．The sun can be said to be the source of nearly all energy， and in the absence of the sun’sheat and light, no life could exis to nearth． 可以说太阳是几乎所有能量的来源，因此，如果没有太阳的光和热，地球上就不可能有生命。(tobethe．．．energy作sun的补足语。) 89。To appreciate the capabilities and limitations of radar，and so to be able to use it to full ad—vantage，it is necessary to understand the character and behaviour of radio waves and to appreciate the principles of their generation and reception，including the presentation of echo to the observer为了正确了解雷达的能力和局限性以便能充分地利用它，就有必要了解无线电波的特性和作用，而且要了解它的产生和接收的一些原理，包括对观察者所产生的回波。 (To appreciate．．．radar和so to be able．．．advantage都是目的状语。to understand．．．waves和to appreciate．．．observer都是主语，it为形式主语，代替这两个不定式短语。现在分词短语including为伴随状语，用来对上句谓语表示的行为进行补充说明。to full advantage，“充分地”。) 西部大开发 基本观点（Basic Viewpoints）自从开发西部战略提出以来，中央政府各部委都已积极行动起来。许多部委已经采取了支持西部发展的新举措。Since China launched the strategy of developing the countrys west, various ministries and commissions under the Central Government have gone into action. Many of them have adopted new measures for supporting the western region development program.◆中央政府将给予优惠政策，增加对西部的财政投入。The Government will give preferential policies to increase financial input to the western region.国家将给西部发放政府长期贷款。The state will issue long-term government loans to the western region.开发西部应该引进新思想和新机制。In developing the west, new