The Skeletal System HealthPOINT（骨骼系统的健康中心）.pdf

SKELETAL SYSTEM 1 Illustrations and References • Gray’s Anatomy of the Human Body at • Dynamic Anatomy and Physiology, by L.L. Langley, 3rd edition, McGrawHill • Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Gerald Tortora and Bryan Derrickson, Wiley, 12th Edition • Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Gerald Tortora and Bryan Derrickson, Wiley, 11th Edition 2 Functions Support – gives the body its shape and allows the body to maintain an erect posture Protection – protects the brain, spinal cord and thoracic structures Leverage – muscles attach to some bones and function as levers to produce movement Storage – store calcium and phosphorous Blood Cell Production – contain bone marrow where hematopoietic cells are found 3 Bones • Bones appear to be solid structures however, bone tissue is actually porous. The pores are filled with bone cells and blood vessels that supply the cells with nutrients. 4 Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 12th Edition Types of Bones • Long Bones • Greater length than width • Divided into diaphysis in the middle and two epiphyes at the ends • Slightly curved to help distribute weight and stress along the length of the bone 5 Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 12th Edition Types of Bones • Short Bones • cube-shaped • Flat Bones • Thin and flat in shape • Irregular Bones • Complex shap