小型精密播种机系统的设计赵凌云.pdf

第 25 卷 第 12 期 电子测量与仪器学报 Vol. 25 No. 12 · 1086 · JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENT 2011 年 12 月 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1187.2011.01086 小型精密播种机系统的设计* 赵凌云 庞党锋 郝立果 (天津职业技术师范大学 工程实训中心, 天津 300222) 摘 要: 为提高农作物的播种质量, 设计了基于单片机的小型精密播种机系统。系统利用传感器采集播种机运动和排种的 速度信号后, 由 Atmega128 单片机对播种机下种速度进行实时控制, 整个系统采用闭环控制; 播种过程中, 下种速度根据行驶 速度和实际排种量自动进行调整, 实现均匀播种; 播种异常时, 安装在排种管上的偏心电机转动对管道进行疏通, 无效后进行 声光报警。使用精密播种机对玉米和小麦进行了播种试验, 并与普通播种机的播种效果进行了对比试验, 试验结果表明: 精密播 种单粒率高于 85% , 空穴率均低于 5% , 合格率大于 95% , 适合播种小麦、玉米、大豆等农作物。 关键词: 精密播种机; 排种速度; Atmega128; 实时监控 中图分类号: TN929.52 文献标识码: A 国家标准学科分类代码: 510.5015 Design of mini-type precision seeder system Zhao Lingyun Pang Dangfeng Hao Liguo (Engineering Training Center, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin 300222, China) Abstract: A precision seeder system is developed in order to improve the sowing quality. The system with closed-loop control collects the speed signal of its movement and sowing with sensors, and the Atmega128 microcontroller controls the speed of its sowing in real time. In sowing, the sowing speed can be automatically adjusted to achieve uniform sowing according to the running speed of system and the actual amount of sowing. When the system sows abnormally, it can rotate the eccentric motor installed on the sowing pipe to clear its pipeline, and gives sound and light alarm after an illegal operation. The experimental results show that the single-seed rate is higher than 85%, the hole rate is less than 5%, eligibility rate is greater than 95%. And it is suitable to sow wheat, corn, soybean and so on. Keywords: precision seeder; sowing speed; Atmega1