农作物产量与气候变化之间的关系.pdf

VOA 慢速英语：第001期 农作物产量与气候变化之间的关系 第一部分：中英原文对照 This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report. 这里是VOA 特别英语农业报道。 A new study says climate change has reduced the worlds 一项新的研究表明，气候变化导致全球小麦和玉 wheat and maize production. The study says rice and soybean 米产量降低。这份研究表示，某些地区的稻米和大豆 yields have also decreased in some places -- but increased in 产量也出现下降——但是其他地方的产量则出现上 others. In the words of the researchers: For soybeans and rice, 升。用研究人员的话说：“稻米和大豆的产量增产和 winners and losers largely balanced out. 减产量基本持平。” The researchers studied climate trends and global crop 研究人员查看了 1980 年和 2008 年间气候变化 production from between nineteen eighty and two thousand 趋势与作物产量之间的关系。他们发现，气候变化“已 eight. They found that climate changes are already exerting a 经严重阻碍了产量的增长”，而且已经可能影响到了 considerable drag on yield growth and may have affected 粮食的价格。 food prices. The study used computer models linking crop yields to 这项研究使用电脑模型将作物产量与天气状况 weather. Yield is the amount produced for each hectare or 建立联系。产量的单位是每公顷土地生产的粮食数 acre. The researchers compared the results to what the yields 量。研究人员将研究结果与没有气候变化的情况下的 might have been without climate changes. They found that 产量进行对比。他们发现，玉米的产量下降了接近 corn production decreased by almost four percent and wheat 4% ，小麦产量下降了5.5% 。 production decreased by five and a half percent. Warming temperatures were reported in almost all of 几乎整个欧洲、亚洲大部分、南美和非洲部分地 Europe, much of Asia and some of South America and Africa. 区都出现气候变暖的趋势。在整个研究的时间段内， During the study period most countries had greater 大部分国家气温变化的幅度比历史上的记录更加剧 temperature changes from year to year than they have had 烈。但是这项研究表示，美国是一个例外，至少目前 historically. But the study says the United States was an 为止是这样。 important exception — at least so far.