火山成因块状硫化物矿床什么是VMS 主要矿产重要意义重要意义.PDF

VMS Volcanogenic massive sulphide: also known as volcanic-associated, volcanic-hosted, and volcano-sedimentary-hosted massive sulphide VMS(Volcanogenic massive sulfides) deposits. They typically occur as lenses of polymetallic massive sulphide that form at or near the seafloor in submarine volcanic environments. They form from metal-enriched fluids associated with seafloor hydrothermal convection. Their immediate host rocks can be either volcanic or sedimentary. Zn, Cu, Pb, Ag Au There are close to 800 known VMS deposits worldwide with geological reserves over Co, Sn, Se, Mn, Cd, In, Bi, Te, 200,000 t. Ga,Ge. VMS deposits are estimated to have supplied As, Sb Hg. over 5 billion t of sulphide ore (Franklin and Hannington, 2002). This includes at least 22%