外来入侵植物对生态系统服务的影响.pdf

REVIEWS REVIEWS REVIEWS 135 How well do we understand the impacts of alien species on ecosystem services? A pan-European, cross-taxa assessment 11** 22 vv 33 44 55 66 MMoonnttsseerrrraatt VViillàà ,, CCoorriinnaa BBaassnnoouu ,, PPeettrr PPyysseekk ,, MMeellaanniiee JJoosseeffssssoonn ,, PPiieerroo GGeennoovveessii ,, SStteepphhaann GGoollllaasscchh ,, 77 88 99 1100 1111 1122 WWoollffggaanngg NNeennttwwiigg ,, SSeerrggeejj OOlleenniinn ,, AAllaaiinn RRooqquueess ,, DDaavviidd RRooyy ,, PPhhiilliipp EE HHuullmmee ,, aanndd DDAAIISSIIEE ppaarrttnneerrss Recent comprehensive data provided through the DAISIE project () have facilitated the development of the first pan-European assessment of the impacts of alien plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates – in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments – on ecosystem services. There are 1094 species with docu- mented ecological impacts and 1347 with economic impacts. The two taxonomic groups with the most species causing impacts are terrestrial invertebrates and terrestrial plants. The North Sea is the maritime region that suffers the most impacts. Across taxa and regions, ecological and economic impacts are highly correlated. Terrestrial invertebrates create greater economic impacts than ecological impacts, while the reverse is true for terrestrial plants. Alien species from all taxonomic groups affect “supporting”, “provisioning”, “regulating”, and “cultural” se