美国现代景观建筑学发展的回顾与思索----外文文献翻译.doc

外文文献： Reviewing the Development of Modern Landscape Architecture in America 1 Introduction The new century came in the end, turn of the century, a century or even millennium replace actually replaced in a flash, in this moment, the United States Modern Landscape Architecture profession has gone through an extraordinary century.In the passing away of hundred years, the United States the emergence of modern landscape architecture and development to guide the direction of modern landscape architecture, and covers almost all of the exploration.Therefore, we hope that through their review and thinking, can and enlightenment. 2 Development Industrial revolution has brought about tremendous and far-reaching changes to the 19th century, known as the father of American landscape architecture of the FL Olmsted and Vaux designed by British architect, New Yorks Central Park (1858) the construction, marking the ordinaryliving landscape to come.As a starting point, the landscape architecture from the path of independence, and with modern American society and the democratic process, moving from a very small selection of traditional professional into the world of human life for almost all the scales involved in the subject; in the shortshort bar for more than a century, the landscape of human experience in several dimensions greatly expanded.2.1 The expansion of the field of professional practice And ideal as a symbol of a series of city parks (1865 Thurmond Philadelphia Park, Jinshan Park, 1870 San Francisco, Chicago, 1871 South Park, etc.) and the beginning of modern landscape architecture practice, such as a pioneer in the Olmsteadinitiative, adhere to the whole land from the city and the perspective of the modern landscape architecture professional practice areas of the start location; including urban parks and green space systems, urban and rural landscape road system, residential areas, schools, real estate dev