中考英语动词分类及训练.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1 动词专项复习 一、动词的分类1. 实义动词 实义动词时能独立作谓语的动词。根据动词在句子中是否可以接宾语，可以把实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两种类型。按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。（1）及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 = 1 \* GB3 ①动词+宾语 My brother is flying the kite on the playground. = 2 \* GB3 ②动词+宾语+宾补 The teacher made his students happy by doing some games. We call the bird Polly. 注意：省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有：make, let,have, see, watch, notice, hear等。 = 3 \* GB3 ③动词+双宾语　　 My mother gives me a new bike. 注意：有些双宾语动词间接宾语（人）放在直接宾语（事物）后时，间接宾语前要加to。常用的此类词有bring、give、hand、 pass、pay、post、return、sell、show、teach、tell、throw、lend等。 Hand me that book, please. = Hand that book to me, please. 　有些双宾语动词间接宾语（人）放在直接宾语（事物）后时，间接宾语前要加for。常用的此类词有buy、choose、cook、draw、book、find、get、make、order等。 My mom bought me a nice backpack. = My mom bought a nice backpack for me. 　　（2）不及物动词 不及物动词一般不可以接宾语，但是有些不及物动词与一些介词、副词等词搭配在一起构成短语动词，它的作用等于一个及物动词。 We arrived at the station at five. He turned off the light when he left. He takes pride in doing a job well.注意：有些动词既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。 常用的此类动词有open、close、 start、change、drive、play、meet、win、study等。　　　 The girl turned her head and smiled. 这个女孩子转过头笑一笑。She turned and walked back to the classroom. 她转过身走回教室。 （3）延续性动词 延续性动词表示动作是可持续的，如：live, stay, study, work, keep, teach等，可以和时间段连用。 We have lived in China since 2001. You can keep this book for two weeks. （4）非延续性动词 非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，如：buy, lend, borrow, die, marry,begin, stop, finish, arrive, join, leave, come, go,catch等，不能和时间段连用。如果和时间段连用，就要用其他词代替。 He has been here for five days.(arrive) The film has been on for ten minutes.(begin) 常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下：1、go——be away????????? 2、come——be here3、come back——be back??? 4、leave——be away（be not here）5、buy——have??????????? 6、borrow——keep7、die——be dead???????? ? 8、begin——be on9、finish——be over?????? 10、open——be open11、close——be closed???? 12、lose——be lost13、get to know——know?? 14、turn on——be on15、get up——be up??????? 16、sit down——sit/be seated17、join——be in（…）或be a…member18、become——be 2. 连系动词　　连系动词也称为系动词，连系