双相情感障碍的护理查房ppt课件.ppt

* 模板来自于 * * Bipolar disease state slide kit _ 10 January 2008 [FINAL VERSION] * Mood changes in bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder is characterised by dramatic mood swings - from excessive euphoria (mania) to extreme sadness/hopelessness (depression), with symptom-free periods (euthymia/maintenance) in between. A milder form of mania, hypomania, may be present in some patients while others may have mixed episodes, ie, both mania and depression. The first presentation is usually with depression. This is one of the reasons for misdiagnosis of bipolar depression – a physician may not recognise bipolar disorder unless questions regarding a previous history of mania have been asked. Some patients may meet the criteria for both a manic and a depressive episode in the same period, resulting in a mixed state. Longitudinal assessment of bipolar disorder is critical in order to achieve correct diagnosis. * 模板来自于 * * 模板来自于 * * 模板来自于 * * 模板来自于 * * 模板来自于 * * 模板来自于 * * Bipolar disease state slide kit _ 10 January 2008 [FINAL VERSION] * Diagnostic challenges of bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder is often misdiagnosed. Since the symptoms of bipolar disorder may overlap with other disorders such as major depressive disorder, mania secondary to another illness or treatment, or schizophrenia, patients often may be misdiagnosed. Individuals who are misdiagnosed suffer with symptoms for an average of ten years before the condition is correctly diagnosed. 1 out of 3 patients are misdiagnosed, some patients see at least 4 physicians before receiving a correct diagnosis In addition, many individuals fail to report important information, either by choice or due to a lack of understanding of their symptoms, further complicating the accurate diagnosis of this illness. The presence of other disorders such as eating disorders, substance abuse, or anxiety disorders, may mask the bipolar disorder. Conversely, a patient may be misdiagnosed with a mood disorder when the symptoms are a res